4: The Industrial Revolution (1800 CE – 1900 CE)
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- 4.1: Introduction
- By the 19th century, the continents were generally known, trade had expanded across the oceans, the balance of power had changed, settlers moved freely from one continent to another, and the industrial age fueled massive economic changes. Power also moved from royalty and the church to wealthy merchants and a burgeoning middle class.
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- 4.6: Structures and Sculptures (1800-1900)
- With the Industrial Revolution came the ability for mass production of goods and materials, extensive manufacturing facilities, abundance of coal and power, transportation systems, and the accumulation of money by a few. Steel was a vital part of the revolution, the main components in buildings, railroads, and shipping.
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- 4.7: American Naturalism (1800-1900)
- Significant westward expansion originated in 1803 when Thomas Jefferson signed the Louisiana Purchase, paying France fifteen million dollars for land west of the Mississippi River from the Gulf of Mexico to the Canadian border. France only controlled a minimal amount of the region, most of the area inhabited by Native Americans.
Thumbnail: Still Life: Vase with Twelve Sunflowers (oil on canvas, 95 x 73 cm) Public Domain