3.15: Sección 1 - Gramática - Mandatos y colocación de pronombres
- Page ID
- 209714
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Mandatos con un pronombre
What happens when we have direct object (e.g. lo, la), indirect object (e.g. le), or reflexive (e.g. me, te, se) pronouns with a command? Where do the pronouns go?
The answer is the same for both formal and informal commands, and depends on whether the command is affirmative or negative.
|
For affirmative commands, the pronoun gets attached to the verb's end: |
For negative commands, the pronoun goes after "no" and before the verb: |
|
|---|---|---|
| tú |
Hazlo temprano. |
No lo hagas tarde. |
| usted(es) |
Hága(n)lo temprano. |
No lo haga(n) tarde. |
Mandatos con múltiples pronombres
When adding more than one pronoun at a time, the same rules as above apply. Additionally, the indirect object pronoun always goes before the direct object pronoun.:
|
For affirmative commands, both pronouns get attached to the verb's end: |
For negative commands, both pronouns go after "no" and before the verb: |
|
|---|---|---|
| tú |
Cómpramelo. [el regalo] |
No me lo niegues. |
| usted(es) |
Cómpre(n)melo. |
No me lo niegue(n). |
If you need a more detailed review of accents and why you need them, you can find more information in Chapter Six.
An important note on affirmative commands with pronouns:
When attaching a pronoun or pronouns to the end of affirmative tú or usted(es) commands, an accent mark gets added to the verb if the resulting word has more than two syllables:
- Di la verdad. >> Dime la verdad. >> Dímela.
- Coman la manzana. >> Cómanla.
En resumen
Clicking on the image below will bring you to a video that reviews tú, usted, & ustedes commands and the placement of pronouns.
Videolección: Repaso de los mandatos
The table below summarizes both the affirmative and negative forms of formal and informal commands.
Formas de los mandatos |
||
| affirmative | negative | |
| tú |
3rd person singular of the simple present: habla, come, vive, trae, juega, oye |
present subjunctive: no hables, no comas, no vivas, no traigas, no juegues, no oigas |
| usted(es) |
present subjunctive: hable(n), coma(n), viva(n), traiga(n), juegue(n), oiga(n) |
present subjunctive: no hable(n), no coma(n), no viva(n), no traiga(n), no juegue(n), no oiga(n) |
For information on the regional forms "vos" and "vosotros", click the images below.
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This page adapted from 52. El modo imperativo / Commands by Enrique Yepes, licensed under CC BY-NC-SA, and from 6.1: Mandatos formales e informales by Nancy Ballesteros, Alejandro Lee, Nicolás Cristoso, & Cristina Moon through ASCCC Open Educational Resources Initiative, licensed under CC BY-NC-SA.
¡A practicar!
Actividad 1
En grupos, hagan un póster para los niños de una escuela primaria indicando 5 cosas que cada persona debe hacer y 5 cosas que no debe hacer para cuidarse de sí mismx. Usen mandatos para dar los consejos, y usen por lo menos 5 verbos reflexivos (si necesitan ideas para verbos reflexivos, pueden encontrar una lista extensa aquí).