3.13: Sección 1 - Gramática - Los mandatos informales (Repaso)
- Page ID
- 209712
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Si tú quieres meditar: 1: Adopta una posición cómoda. 2: Relájate.+ 3: No trates de controlar la mente. 4: Céntrate en el presente. 5: Siente la amplitud del Ser. |
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+ Section 7.7: Mandatos y colocación de pronombres explains the use and position of pronouns with commands. “Meditate with me” by Carl Guyton is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0 |
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Usos de los mandatos
The Imperative Mood is the set of verb forms Spanish uses to directly ask for actions from others. In addition to commanding someone to do something (e.g. Come más despacio; Bebe más agua y menos bebidas azucaradas), it has other communicative functions, such as:
- making a request
- Por favor, ayúdame con este problema.
- making a suggestion
- Prueba cosas nuevas.
- giving encouragement or support
- Tranquilízate, que todo saldrá bien.
Note that the subject is almost never used with these verb forms.
Formación de los mandatos informales afirmativos
For informal tú commands, the command form is different depending on whether the command is affirmative (i.e. telling someone "yes, do this") or negative (i.e. telling them "no, don't do this"). The forms for the affirmative informal commands are described below.
Affirmative tú commands use the third person singular of the present indicative (that is, the usted/él/ella form):
- Ya es tarde; descansa.
- Piensa antes de actuar.
- Sigue las instrucciones, por favor.
However, there are eight irregulars:
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One useful trick to remember these irregulars is the phrase: "Vin Diesel has ten weapons, eh?", which is roughly what comes out when you say them quickly in this order: ven di sal haz ten ve pon sé
Formas afirmativas de los mandatos informales |
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| tú | 3rd person singular of the simple present: habla, come, vive trae, juega, oye |
For information on the regional forms "vos" and "vosotros", click the images below.
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This page adapted from 52. El modo imperativo / Commands by Enrique Yepes, licensed under CC BY-NC-SA, and from 6.1: Mandatos formales e informales by Nancy Ballesteros, Alejandro Lee, Nicolás Cristoso, & Cristina Moon through ASCCC Open Educational Resources Initiative, licensed under CC BY-NC-SA.
¡A practicar!
Actividad 1
Paso 1. Usa los mandatos informales para decirle a tu compañerx qué tiene que hacer para asumir una de las posiciones en la foto. Algunos verbos útiles que posiblemente no conoces son:
- extender : to extend
- levantar : to lift
- girar : to turn
- doblar: to bend
Yoga photo is a derivative of “Yoga Poses - Purple Shirt” by OpenClipart, which is licensed under Public Domain / Blank space cropped out from original
Paso 2 (opcional): Tu compañerx debe seguir tus mandatos e intentar asumir la posición que tienes en mente.
Paso 3: Tu compañerx tiene que identificar la posición que describes.