4: Nineteenth Century Romanticism and Transcendentalism
- Page ID
- 57461
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Learning Objectives
After reading this chapter students will be able to
- Understand the meaning of the manifest destiny and its relationship to the increase of American territory through the Louisiana Purchase, the Mexican-American War, and the Gadsden Purchase increased American territory.
- Understand the adverse effects on Native Americans caused by the push of Americans of European heritage to claim new territory east of the Mississippi River.
- Understand the effects of the second Industrial Revolution and the factory system on the American economy, technology, and productivity.
- Understand how the change in labor practices effected an ongoing shift of the American population from rural to urban communities and the related affects of ongoing immigration on the American populace.
- Trace the ongoing tensions between slave and free states in such legislation as the Missouri Compromise, the Fugitive Slave Acts, and the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854.
- Understand the significance of the reform movements to abolish slavery and support women’s rights to American literature.
- Understand how literary nationalism, a movement to make distinctly American art, motivated the distinctive elements of nineteenth century American literature.
- Identify the characteristic features of the literary movement known as American Romanticism.
- Understand the philosophies, literature, and intellectual impact of the Transcendental movement.
- Understand the contributions of slave narratives and sentimental or domestic fiction to American literature.
- 4.15: Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849)
- 4.15.1: “Sonnet—To Science” (1829)
- 4.15.2: “The Raven” (1845)
- 4.15.3: “Annabel Lee” (1849)
- 4.15.4: “Ligeia” (1838)
- 4.15.5: “The Fall of the House of Usher”
- 4.15.6: “The Tell-Tale Heart” (1843)
- 4.15.7: “The Purloined Letter” (1844)
- 4.15.8: “The Cask of Amontillado” (1846)
- 4.15.9: Reading and Review Questions
- 4.23: Walt Whitman (1819 – 1892)
- 4.23.1: “Song of Myself” (1855)
- 4.23.2: “Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” (1856)
- 4.23.3: “When I Heard the Learn’d Astronomer” (1867)
- 4.23.4: “Vigil Strange I Kept on the Field One Night” (1865)
- 4.23.5: “The Wound-Dresser” (1865)
- 4.23.6: “Reconciliation” (1867)
- 4.23.7: “When Lilies Last in Dooryard Bloom’d” (1865)
- 4.23.8: Reading and Review Questions
- 4.25: Emily Dickinson (1830–1886)
- 4.25.1: 341 (‘Tis so appalling it exhilarates)
- 4.25.2: 348 (I would not paint – a picture)
- 4.25.3: 353 (I’m ceded – I’ve stopped being Their’s)
- 4.25.4: 355 (It was not Death, for I stood up)
- 4.25.5: 359 (A Bird, came down the Walk)
- 4.25.6: 372 (After great pain, a formal feeling comes —)
- 4.25.7: 381 (I cannot dance upon my Toes)
- 4.25.8: 407 (One need not be a Chamber – to be Haunted)
- 4.25.9: 409 (The Soul selects her own Society)
- 4.25.10: 466 (I dwell in Possibility)
- 4.25.11: 122 (These are the days when Birds come back)
- 4.25.12: 479 (Because I could not stop for Death)
- 4.25.13: 519 (this is my letter to the World)
- 4.25.14: 598 (The Brain – is wider than the Sky)
- 4.25.15: 620 (Much Madness is divinest Sense)
- 4.25.16: 656 (I started Early – Took my Dog)
- 4.25.17: 675 (What soft – Cherubic Creatures)
- 4.25.18: 764 (My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun —)
- 4.25.19: 857 (She rose to His Requirement – dropt)
- 4.25.20: 1096 (A narrow Fellow in the Grass)
- 4.25.21: 1263 (Tell all the truth but tell it slant)
- 4.25.22: 194 (Title divine, is mine)
- 4.25.23: 1773 (My life closed twice before it’s close)
- 4.25.24: 207 (I taste a liquor never brewed)
- 4.25.25: 225 (I’m “wife” – I’ve finished that)
- 4.25.26: 236 (Some keep the Sabbath going to Church)
- 4.25.27: 260 (I’m Nobody! Who are you?)
- 4.25.28: 269 (Wild nights – Wild nights!)
- 4.25.29: 320 (There’s a certain Slant of light)
- 4.25.30: 340 (I felt a Funeral, in my Brain)
- 4.25.31: Reading and Review Questions
Thumbnail: Frederick Douglass. (Public Domain; George Kendall Warren via Wikipedia)