Skip to main content
Humanities LibreTexts

5.13: Gramática- Los países y las nacionalidades

  • Page ID
    236991
    • Erica Brown, Alejandra Escudero, María Cristina Montoya, & Elizabeth Small
    • SUNY Oneonta via OER SUNY

    \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

    \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

    ( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

    \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

    \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)

    \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

    \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

    \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}}      % arrow\)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}}      % arrow\)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

    \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)

    \(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)

    Objetivos

    • Recognize adjectives of nationality used to describe people

    Los países, las nacionalidades y más

    To answer the question “¿De dónde eres?” (Where are you from), one can either answer with a country or with a nationality:

    • Soy de Puerto Rico. (I am from Puerto Rico.)
    • Soy puertorriqueña. (I am Puerto Rican.)
    • Mis primos son de Colombia. (My cousins are from Colombia.)
    • Son colombianos. (They are Colombian.)

    A description of nationality is an adjective, so its ending has to correspond to the gender and number of the subject. Note also that while place-names are capitalized in Spanish as they are in English, adjectives of nationality are not capitalized in Spanish.

    The following is a list of countries and corresponding nationalities. You don’t need to memorize all of these—just the ones in bold print*. You’ll have a chance to practice below.

    América

    Argentina, argentina/o
    Belice, beliceña/o
    Bolivia, boliviana/o
    Brasil, brasileña/o
    Canadá, canadiense
    Chile, chilena/o
    Colombia, colombiana/o
    Costa Rica, costarricense
    Cuba, cubana/o
    Ecuador, ecuatoriana/o
    El Salvador, salvadoreña/o
    Estados Unidos, estadounidense
    Guatemala, guatemalteca/o
    Haití, haitiana/o
    Honduras, hondureña/o
    Jamaica, jamaicana/o
    México, mexicana/o
    Nicaragua, nicaragüense
    Panamá, panameña/o
    Paraguay, paraguaya/o
    Perú, peruana/o
    República Dominicana, dominicana/o
    Surinam, surinamés
    Uruguay, uruguaya/o
    Venezuela, venezolana/o

    Europa

    Albania, albana/o
    Alemania, alemán/ alemana
    Austria, austríaca/o
    Bélgica, belga
    Bielorrusia, bielorusa/o
    Bulgaria, búlgara/o
    Croacia, croata
    Dinamarca, Danés
    Eslovenia, eslovena/o
    España, español/ española
    Estonia, estonia/o
    Finlandia, finés
    Francia, francés
    Grecia, griega/o
    Hungría, húngara/o
    Irlanda, irlandés
    Islandia, islandés
    Italia, italiana/o
    Lituania, lituana/o
    Moldavia, moldava/o
    Mónca, monaqués
    Noruega, noruega/o
    Países Bajos, neerlandés
    Polonia, polaca/o
    Portugal, portugués
    Reino Unido, británica/o
    República Checa, checa/o
    Rusia, rusa/o
    Serbia, serbia/o
    Suecia, sueca/o
    Suiza, suiza/o
    Turquía, turca/o

    África

    Angola, angolana/o
    Argelia, argelina/o
    Benin, beninés
    Botswana, botsuana/o
    Cabo Verde, caboverdiana/o
    Camerún, camerunés
    Congo, congoleña/o
    Costa de Marfil, marfileña/o
    Egipto, egipcia/o
    Eritrea, eritrea/o
    Etiopía, etíope
    Ghana, ghanés
    Kenia, keniata
    Lesoto, lesotense
    Líbano, libanés
    Marruecos, marroquí
    Nigeria, nigeriana/o
    República Centroafricana, centroafricana/o
    Senegal, senegalés
    Sierra Leona, sierraleonés
    Somalia, somalí
    Sudáfrica, sudafricana/o
    Túnez, tunecina/o
    Zimbabue, zimbabuense

    Asia

    Afganistán, afgana/o
    Armenia, armenia/o
    Baréin, bareiní
    Camboya, camboyana/o
    Catar, catarí
    China, chino/a
    Corea del Norte, norcoreana/o
    Filipinas, filipina/o
    India, india/o
    Indonesia – indonesia/o
    Irak / Iraq, irakí / iraqí
    Japón, japonés
    Malasia, malaya/o
    Omán, omaní
    Paquistán / Pakistán, paquistaní / pakistaní
    Singapur, singapurense
    Sri Lanka, srilanqués / ceilanés
    Tailandia, tailandés
    Uzbekistán, uzbeka/o
    Vietnam, vietnamita
    Yemen, yemení

    Oceanía

    Australia, australiana/o
    Nueva Zelanda, neozelandés

    * As an organizing principle, all of the Spanish-speaking countries are in bold, along with the U.S. and Canada.

     

    Contributors and Attributions

    CC licensed content, Shared previously
    • Countries and Nationalities in Spanish: List, Sentences & Questions. Provided by: Spanish Learning Lab. Located at: https://youtu.be/cMGzBSDTO14. License: All Rights Reserved. License Terms: Standard YouTube License
    • Los Paises, Las Nacionalidades Y Mu00e1s. Authored by: Athabasca University. Project: Beginner Spanish OER. License: CC BY: Attribution
    • Gramu00e1tica: Los pau00edses y las nacionalidades. Authored by: SUNY Oneonta with Lumen Learning. Provided by: SUNY Oneonta. License: CC BY: Attribution

    This page titled 5.13: Gramática- Los países y las nacionalidades is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Erica Brown, Alejandra Escudero, María Cristina Montoya, & Elizabeth Small (OER SUNY) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.