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8.2: Vocabulary

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    151349

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    Learning Objectives

    In this section, you will be able to:

    • Learn and say new vocabulary about the weather, and seasons.
    • Recognize words used in Arabic and English (Cognates).

    New Vocabulary

    Follow the following steps:

    1. Look at the pictures below for the new vocabulary
    2. Read the meaning
    3. Listen to the pronunciation
    4. Practice the pronunciation
    Vocabulary
    Image Pronunciation Meaning Formal / Written
    Orange sun and sea guls
    Sun; CC BY-SA 2.0

    A sun

    The sun

    ٌشَمْس

    الشَّمْسُ
    Video of Rain
    Rain; (CC0 1.0) Universal

    Rain

    The rain

    مَطَرٌ

    الْمَطَرُ
    White and grey cumulus mediocris clouds
    Cloud; GNU Free Documentation License

    Cloud

    The cloud

    ٌغُيوم

    الْغُيومُ
    White snow, snowing in Germany
    Snow; CC0 Public Domain

    Snow

    The snow

    ٌ ثَلْج

    الـثَّـلْجُ
    A cherry tree moving in the wind. The wind takes hold if the leaves, driving the branches to bob up and down, while the aerodynamically shaped cherries hang down rather undisturbed by the wind.
    Wind; (CC0 1.0) Universal

    A wind

    The wind

    ريحٌ

    ُالرِّيح

    A screenshot of weather showing thunderstorm
    Weather; CC BY-SA 4.0

    Weather

    The weather

    طَقْسٌ

    الطَّقْـسُ
    It also shows the max and minimum temperature recorded till date
    Temperature; CC BY 3.0

    Temperature

    دَرَجَةُ الْـحَرارَةِ
    Celsius temperature
    Celsius; CC BY-SA 4.0

    Celsius

    دَرَجَةٌ مِـئَـوِيَّة
    U.S. Navy recruiting poster from 2012. Sometimes We Rush in After the Storm, Sometimes We Are the Storm. Five Navy ships are sealing in the ocean
    Sometime; CC0 Public Domain

    sometime

    (adverb)

    أحياناً
    Red arrow sign and very hot is written in yellow.
    Very; CC0 Public Domain

    very

    so

    quite

    (adverb)

    جداً

    Query \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Query \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Seasons

    Seasons
    Image Pronunciation Meaning Formal / Written
    First day, fall semester 2021 - Germanna Community College. Welcome back sign is on a column.
    Semester

    Season

    Semester

    Class

    Division

    ٌفَـصْل

    الْفَصْلُ
    A tree is standing alone in tbe middle of the hill in four seasons.
    Four Seasons; CC BY-SA 3.0

    Four seasons

    الْـفُصولُ الْأَرْبَعَةِ

    A sandy beach, some palm trees, and people hanging on the beach
    Summer; CC BY-SA 3.0

    Summer

    صَيْفٌ

    ُالصَّـيْـف

    فَصْلُ الصَّيْفِ
    Snow covers the meadows in Damascus, Syria.
    Winter

    Winter

    شِتاءٌ

    الشِّــتاءُ

    فَصْلُ الشِّــتاءِ
    Spring at Cuyamaca Community College in the east county of San Diego
    Spring

    Spring

    رَبيعٌ

    الرّبيعُ

    فَصْلُ الرَّبيعِ
    Fall in Damascus, two ladies are standing under the tree in the middle of the park, and the yellow leaves are covering the ground.Fall

    Fall

    خَريفٌ

    الْخَريفُ

    فَصْلُ الْخَريفِ

    Query \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Query \(\PageIndex{3}\)

    Query \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Practice learning the four seasons:

    Query \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    New Adjectives 

    Image Pronunciation Meaning Adjective
    A cat enjoys some warm weather
    Warm; CC BY 2.0

    Warm

    (adjective)

    دافئٌ

    الدّافئ
    Rays of sunlight through clouds in Dubai one afternoon/
    Cloudy; CC BY-SA 4.0

    Cloudy

    (adjective)

    غائِمٌ

    الْغائِمُ
    Clear water bay in Hong Kong
    Clear; CC BY-SA 4.0

    Clear

    (adjective)

    ٌّصافي

    الصّافي
    Umayyad mosque in Damascus early evening and blue sky.
    Moderate

    moderate

    mild

    modest

    reasonable

    مُعْتَدِلٌ

    المُعْتَدِلُ
    Wind turbine animated
    Windy; CC BY-SA 3.0

    Windy

    (adjective)

    عاصِفٌ

    الْعاصِفُ
    A view from a plane above a city.
    (source)

    High

    (adjective)

    عاليٌ

    العاليُ
    Star representing the band Low on the outside mural of the Minneapolis nightclub First Avenue
    Low: (CC BY-SA 4.0)

    Low

    (adjective)

    مُنـْخَفِضٌ

    الْمُنْخَفِضُ
    Frozen waterfalls in New York of U.S.
    Frozen; CC0 Public Domain

    Frozen

    (adjective)

    مُتَجَمِّدٌ

    الْمُتَجَمِدُ
    Dry Rock Wadi Rum in the desert valley in Southern Jordan is made of sandstone and granite rock.
    Dry by Vyacheslav Argenberg; CC BY 4.0

    Dry

    (adjective)

    جافٌّ

    الْجافُّ
    Olive varieties at a stall in a food market in Ankara.
    Many; CC BY-SA 4.0

    many

    much

    numerous

    plentiful

    (adjective)

    كَثيرٌ

    الْكَثيرُ
    stew in a small bowel and spoon.
    Few

    few

    little

    small

    (adjective)

    قَليلٌ

    الْقَليلُ
    A woman is wearing a hat and sunglasses. She is standing on the side of the road and is taking a selfie. Her shadow is in the picture.
    Sunny

    Sunny

    (adjective)

    مُشْمِسٌ

    الْمُشْمِسُ
    Hard rain is falling on a roof with tart.
    Rainy

    Rainy

    (adjective)

    مُمْطِرٌ

    الْمُمْطِرُ

    Adjectives and their opposites:

    Adjectives and their opposites
    Opposite Adjective Opposite Adjective
    مُتَجَمِد دافئ كَثير قليل
    رَطِب جاف حار بارِد
    مُنْخَفِض عالي مُمْطِر مُشْمِس
    صافي غائِم هادي عاصِف

     

     

    Query \(\PageIndex{5}\)

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    Cognates

    Cognates are words used in multiple languages that originate from the same linguistic root. Some examples are these words.

    Cognates
    English Arabic
    Fahrenheit فهرنهايت
    Tornado ترناد
    Blouse بلوزة
    Jacket  جاكيت
    Cotton قطن
    Shawl شال

     

    Query \(\PageIndex{4}\)

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    This page titled 8.2: Vocabulary is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Hana Kassas, Layla Bahar Al-Aloom, Sameera Murtada, Maysaa Toma, and Roula Aoneh (ASCCC Open Educational Resources Initiative (OERI)) .