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7.5: Demonstratives

Last updated

May 5, 2022
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- 7.4: Verbs like gustar
- 7.6: Comparisons of Inequality

Erin Huebener
Spokane Community College via Independent

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Demonstratives are used to demonstrate how close something is to the speaker.

They are adjectives when they directly accompany a noun.

Me gusta esta blusa. (This blouse)

They are pronouns when they stand alone (even when they stand alone, they still refer to the noun and must match its gender/number).

¿Qué blusa te gusta más? - - - Esta. (This one)

The English equivalents are:

This and These (for things within the speaker’s reach)

-and-

That and Those (for things outside of the speaker’s reach)

In Spanish, we have a third group for things that are quite far away. We’ll call them:

That and Those way over there

In English, you see that we have a singular and a plural version of each, which is true for Spanish as well. However, we also have to account for gender.

Esa curva es muy peligrosa. Hay que tener cuidado.

Esta piedra de playa tiene forma de *coraz*ón

Other notes:

When used as pronouns, some people will put an accent over the first “e.” However, it is no longer required.

We have a neutral “this” and a neutral “that” when we are referring to something abstract (meaning, we are not referring to any specific noun in particular).

Esto:

¿Qué es esto? ________

Esto es increíble. ________

Eso:

¡Eso es ridículo! ________

¿Qué es eso? ________

Aquello: This is the neutral “that way over there.” It is much less commonly used than the others.

Aquello es mío. ________

Actividad 13

Los adjetivos demostrativos. Fill in the blanks and answer the questions to build your foundation with the demonstrative adjectives.

¿Cómo se dice this? Masculino ________ Femenino ________

________ casa ________ chico ________ marcador ________ clase

¿Cómo se dice these? Masculino ________ Femenino ________

________ perros ________ plumas ________ niñas ________ estudiantes

What is the proximity to the speaker for this and these?________

¿Cómo se dice that? Masculino ________ Femenino ________

________ carro ________ reloj ________ mujer ________ farmacia

¿Cómo se dice those? Masculino ________ Femenino ________

________ niños ________ manzanas ________ clases ________ gatos

What is the proximity to the speaker for that and those________

¿Cómo se dice that way over there? Masculino ________ Femenino ________

________ hombre ________ casa ________ árbol ________ mujer

¿Cómo se dice those way over there? Masculino ________ Femenino ________

________ árboles ________ casas ________ montañas ________ carros

What is the proximity to the speaker for that and those way over there?________

Actividad 14

Los pronombres demostrativos. Fill in the blanks and answer the questions to build your foundation with the demonstrative adjectives.

1. ¿Qué libro lees? ---- ________. Se llama La casa de los espíritus. (this one)

2. ¿Cuál es tu gorra favorita? --- ________. La llevo todos los días. (this one)

3. ¿Qué zapatos te gustan más? --- ________. Voy a comprarlos. (these ones)

4. ¿Cuáles son las galletas que te gustan más? ---________. Son Marías. (these ones)

5. ¿Cuál es tu carro? ---- ________; el rojo. (that one)

6. ¿Qué blusa te gusta más? ----________. Me gusta el color. (that one)

7. ¿Qué caramelos buscas? --- ________. Son mis favoritos. (those ones)

8. ¿Cuáles son tus pinturas favoritas? --- ________. Me encantan las pinturas modernas (those ones way over there)

Actividad 15

Tus preferencias. First, fill in the blanks using the demonstrative adjectives for “this/these” “that/those” and “that/those way over there.” To give perspective, the items that are farthest away are the smallest photos. Then, write a sentence to say which one you like using a demonstrative pronoun. Modelo: “Me gusta ése,” (I like that one) or, “Me gusta éste,” (I like this one).

1.________

2.________

Actividad 16

Las fotografías. Fill in the blanks using demonstrative adjectives to complete the descriptions of the photos below. Pay attention to foreground, middle ground, and background. Then translate the sentences.

Las comparaciones de desigualdad

Comparisons of inequality

Actividad 17

El reino animal. Write a sentence using “más” and a sentence using “menos” to compare these members of the animal kingdom. Use the word bank to assist you.

Banco de palabras

Rápid@s

Lent@s

Slow

Feroces

Ferocious

Mimad@s

Spoiled/ pampered

Tont@s

Stupid/ silly

Inteligentes

Peligros@s

Dangerous

Perezos@s

Divertid@s

Curios@s

Grandes

Pequeñ@s

Agresiv@s

Sociables

Cabezones

Stubborn

________

Actividad 18

¿Qué opinas? Make comparisons to give your opinion about the following match-ups. Audio Video

1. ¿Es el otoño mejor que la primavera?

2. ¿Es el invierno peor que el verano?

3. ¿Es Bill Gates más inteligente que Steve Jobs?

4. ¿Es Superman menos fuerte que Hulk?

5. ¿Es Nueva York menos grande que Los Ángeles?

6. ¿Es Russel Wilson más talentoso que Tom Brady?

Actividad 19

Tú versus tu mejor amig@. Answer the following questions using complete sentences and comparisons of inequality. Audio Video

1. ¿Eres más alt@ que tu mejor amig@?

2. ¿Eres más sociable o más reservad@ que tu mejor amig@?

3. ¿Eres mayor o menor que tu mejor amig@?

4. ¿Tienes más zapatos que tu mejor amig@?

5. ¿Estudias más que o menos que tu mejor amig@?