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4.11: Lección- Adverbios

  • Page ID
    238843
    • Erica Brown, Alejandra Escudero, María Cristina Montoya, & Elizabeth Small
    • SUNY Oneonta via OER SUNY

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    Objetivos

    Identify the correct adverb of time for the context

    Unos padres se van de viaje y hablan con la niñera que va a cuidar a los niños por unos días.

    Papá Alejandro: La niñera tiene que saber sobre cuándo bañar a los niños.
    Papá Diego: Bueno, Marianela y Gloriana son grandecitas (big kids, older children) y ellas se bañan solas cada díaantes de acostarse.
    Niñera: ¿Baño al bebé al mismo tiempo?
    Papá Diego: No, bañas al bebé después de desayunar y después de cenar. Es más simple.
    Niñera: Entendido (understood).
    Papá Alejandro: Ahora sobre la rutina de la mañana. ¿A qué hora te levantas tú usualmente?
    Niñera: Yo me levanto temprano, normalmente. Los niños se levantan a las siete, ¿verdad?
    Papá Alejandro: Sí. Gloriana se levanta temprano a menudo, pero lee libros tranquilamente hasta las siete.
    Papá Diego: Marianela nunca se levanta temprano.
    Papá Alejandro: Juanito, el bebé, a veces se despierta por la noche, pero apenas llora.
    Niñera: Muy bien, entonces yo me levanto a las seis y me baño antes de levantar a los niños.
    Papá Diego: Sí, generalmente nosotros nos levantamos a las seis y nos bañamos temprano también.

    Adverbios de frecuencia

    Play AudioCon frecuencia Play AudioSin frecuencia
    Play Audiousualmente, Play Audioconstantemente Play Audionunca, Play Audiojamás
    Play Audiogeneralmente, por lo general Play Audiorara vez, Play Audiopocas veces, Play Audiopoco
    Play Audioa menudo, Play Audioregularmente Play Audioa veces, Play Audiocasi nunca, Play Audiode vez en cuando
    Play Audiocada semana, Play Audiosemanalmente Play Audioapenas (hardly ever)
    Play Audiotodos los días, Play Audiodiariamente Play Audiopor lo menos
    Play Audiomuchas veces, Play Audiobastante, Play Audiomucho  
    Play Audiosiempre  

    In Spanish, word order may be more flexible than it is in English. These adverbs of time and frequency may be used at the beginning or end of the sentence. However it is more common to see them at the beginning.

    To say what someone does before or after another activity, use the expressions “antes de” + infinitive and “después de” + infinitive.

    • Play AudioAntes de cepillarme los dientes, yo tomo café.
      (Before brushing my teeth, I drink coffee.)
    • Play AudioTengo que ducharme después de hacer ejercicio.
      (I need to shower after exercising.)

    Without the preposition “de”, “antes” and “después” change to mean “beforehand” and “afterwards”. They are followed by the conjugated verb.

    • Play AudioUsualmente hago ejercicio y después trabajo.
      (Usually I exercise and afterwards I work.)
    • Play AudioTengo que hacer mi tarea pero antes voy a echarme una siesta.
      (I have to do my homework but beforehand, I am going to take a nap.)

    To express that you do something once, many times, or a couple of times you use the word “vez” (time, instance). Below are a few ways to use this expression, and it comes after the verb or at the end of the sentence.

    • Play AudioMe lavo el pelo tres veces a la semana. (I wash my hair three times a week.)
    • Play AudioMi novio se afeita la barba una vez a la semana. (My boyfriend shaves his beard once a week.)
    • Play AudioCelebramos tu cumpleaños una vez al año. (We celebrate your birthday once a year.)

    “Cada” + a day of the week, month, or another time expression also expresses “every”.

    • Play AudioCada año, celebro el día de San Valentín (Every year I celebrate Saint Valentine’s day.)
    • Play AudioCada fin de semana, voy a la casa de mis padres. (Every weekend I go to my parents’ house.)

    Práctica

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    This page titled 4.11: Lección- Adverbios is shared under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Erica Brown, Alejandra Escudero, María Cristina Montoya, & Elizabeth Small (OER SUNY) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.