1.5: Asking and telling how we are doing using the verb ¨estar¨
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| informal | formal |
| ¿Cómo estás? | ¿Cómo está usted? |
The verb ¨estar¨ (to be):
We use the verb ¨estar¨ when we want to talk about the state or condition of someone or something.
Some adjectives used to talk about states of being:
bien – well mal – bad
You can just say ¨regular¨ or ¨más o menos¨ if you are just O.K.
More adjectives used to describe how you feel:
Where I put the @ symbol, put an ¨o¨ if you are describing a male and an ¨a¨ if you are describing a female.
cansad@ - tired
aburrid@ - bored
triste – sad
content@ - content
enojad@ - angry
emocionad@ - excited
Personal subject pronouns
| singular | plural |
| yo - I | nosotros / nosotras - we |
| tú - you (informal) | vosotros / vosotras - you / y´all (informal, plural) |
|
usted - you (formal) él - he ella - she |
ustedes - you / you all (formal, plural) ellos - they (masculine) ellas - they (feminine) |
- Note that nosotros and vosotros are masculine or mixed and nosotras and vosotras are feminine.
- Note that ¨vos¨ is another pronoun used to refer to ¨you¨ in some countries such as Argentina, Costa Rica, and El Salvador. While I have not included the ¨vos¨ conjugations in this book, they are perfectly acceptable and you will want to use them in some regions. One reason I have not included them is that their use varies by region.
conjugaciones del verbo ¨estar¨
| (yo) - estoy | (nosotr@s) - estamos |
| (tú) - estás | ((vosotr@s) - estáis) |
|
(usted) - está (él) - está (ella) - está |
(ustedes) - están (ellos) - están (ellas) - están |
ejemplos:
| ¿Cómo estás? | Estoy bien, Gracias. |
| ¿Cómo está Milagros? | Está contenta. |
| ¿Cómo está Miguel? | Está triste. |
| ¿Cómo están Miguel y Martín? | Están contentos. |
| ¿Cómo están Araceli y Teresa? | Están aburridas. |