4.6: Post-positions

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Post-Positions Video

Instructor Video: Post-positions

English has a class of words called “prepositions”. Prepositions are the words that precede a phrase and indicate a relationship between the phrase and another word in the sentence. Hindi has a similar class of words known as “post-positions”. As the name implies, post-positions come before the word they modify. In other respects, however, they are very similar to prepositions in English.

Simple Post-positions

Simple post-positions consist of a single word.

Examples

Post-position	English	Examples
		Hindi	English
में	in	मेरे शहर में	In my town
पर	on,	मेज़ पर	On a table
	at	घर पर	At home
से	from	भारत से	from India
	by	ट्रेन से	by train
	with	कलम से	with a pen
	since	बचपन से	since childhood
का/की/ के	‘s	सोने का कमरा घर की खिड़की घर के लोग	bed room House’s window (window of a house) House’s people (people of a house)
को	to	लड़के को आप को	to a boy to you

Compound Post-positions

Hindi has many compound post-positions as well. Compound post-positions consist of two or more words. Most compound post-positions begin with the post-position के, की, or से.

Examples

Post-position	English	Examples
		Hindi	English
x के लिये	for x	घर के लिये	For house
x के बारे में	about x	शहर के बारे में	About town
x की वजह से / के कारण	because of x	आप की वजह से / के कारण	Because of you
x से दूर	far from x	घर से दूर	far from home
x के नज़दीक / पास	near x	घर के नज़दीक / पास	near home
x से / के पहले	before x	स्कूल से / के पहले	before school
x के बाहर	outside x	घर के बाहर	outside home
x के अंदर	inside the x	घर के अंदर	inside the home
x के बाद	after x	स्कूल के बाद	after school
x के ऊपर	above/ on/ on top of x	घर के ऊपर	above/ on/ on top of home
x के नीचे	under/ beneath/ below x	छत के नीचे	under/ beneath/ below roof
x की तरफ़	towards x	आप की तरफ़	towards you
x के सामने	in front of x	आप के सामने	in front of you
x के पीछे	behind x	आप के पीछे	behind you
x के आगे	ahead of x	आप के आगे	ahead of you
x के साथ	together with/ with/ along with x	आप के साथ	together with/ with/ along with you
x और y के बीच	between x and y	स्कूल और घर के बीच	between school and home

Test yourself

An interactive or media element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here:
https://openbooks.lib.msu.edu/ll151/?p=855

Fill in the blanks with suitable post-position.

An interactive or media element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here:
https://openbooks.lib.msu.edu/ll151/?p=855

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