4.6: Post-positions
Post-Positions Video
Instructor Video: Post-positions
English has a class of words called “prepositions”. Prepositions are the words that precede a phrase and indicate a relationship between the phrase and another word in the sentence. Hindi has a similar class of words known as “post-positions”. As the name implies, post-positions come before the word they modify. In other respects, however, they are very similar to prepositions in English.
Simple Post-positions
Simple post-positions consist of a single word.
Examples
| Post-position | English | Examples | |
| Hindi | English | ||
| में | in | मेरे शहर में | In my town |
| पर | on, | मेज़ पर | On a table |
| at | घर पर | At home | |
| से | from | भारत से | from India |
| by | ट्रेन से | by train | |
| with | कलम से | with a pen | |
| since | बचपन से | since childhood | |
| का/की/ के | ‘s |
सोने का कमरा
घर की खिड़की घर के लोग |
bed room
House’s window (window of a house) House’s people (people of a house) |
| को | to |
लड़के को
आप को |
to a boy
to you |
Compound Post-positions
Hindi has many compound post-positions as well. Compound post-positions consist of two or more words. Most compound post-positions begin with the post-position के, की, or से.
Examples
| Post-position | English | Examples | |
| Hindi | English | ||
| x के लिये | for x | घर के लिये | For house |
| x के बारे में | about x | शहर के बारे में | About town |
| x की वजह से / के कारण | b ecause of x | आप की वजह से / के कारण | Because of you |
| x से दूर | far from x | घर से दूर | far from home |
| x के नज़दीक / पास | near x | घर के नज़दीक / पास | near home |
| x से / के पहले | before x | स्कूल से / के पहले | before school |
| x के बाहर | outside x | घर के बाहर | outside home |
| x के अंदर | inside the x | घर के अंदर | inside the home |
| x के बाद | after x | स्कूल के बाद | after school |
| x के ऊपर | above/ on/ on top of x | घर के ऊपर | above/ on/ on top of home |
| x के नीचे | under/ beneath/ below x | छत के नीचे | under/ beneath/ below roof |
| x की तरफ़ | towards x | आप की तरफ़ | towards you |
| x के सामने | in front of x | आप के सामने | in front of you |
| x के पीछे | behind x | आप के पीछे | behind you |
| x के आगे | ahead of x | आप के आगे | ahead of you |
| x के साथ | together with/ with/ along with x | आप के साथ | together with/ with/ along with you |
| x और y के बीच | between x and y | स्कूल और घर के बीच | between school and home |
Test yourself
https://openbooks.lib.msu.edu/ll151/?p=855
Fill in the blanks with suitable post-position.
https://openbooks.lib.msu.edu/ll151/?p=855
धन्यवाद !