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4.9: Putting It Together - ¿Qué tienes?

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    271448
    • Erica Brown, Alejandra Escudero, María Cristina Montoya, & Elizabeth Small
    • SUNY Oneonta via OER SUNY

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    Click on each link below for a review summary to help you complete the assignments and prepare for the quiz to demonstrate your mastery of the objectives.

    El verbo tener

    The verb tener (to have) has an irregular yo form and a stem-vowel change e>ie.

    tener (to have)
    singular plural
    yo tengo nosotros tenemos
    tú tienes x vosotros tenéis
    él tiene ella tiene ellos tienen ellas tienen
    Expresiones con el verbo tener
    • tener # años = to be # years old
    • tener calor = to be/feel hot (literally, “to have heat”)
    • tener confianza (en) = to be confident (to)
    • tener cuidado = to be careful
    • tener frío = to be/feel cold
    • tener ganas de (+ sustantivo) = to be in the mood for (+ noun)
    • tener hambre = to be hungry
    • tener miedo = to be afraid
    • tener prisa = to be in a hurry
    • tener razón = to be right
    • tener sed = to be thirsty
    • tener sueño = to be sleepy
    • tener suerte = to have luck, be fortunate
    • tener vergüenza = to be embarrassed
    Verbos con cambios de raíz

    1. With the first group of verbs, the stem vowel e changes to an ie in all of the forms except for the first and second person plural subjects, nosotros and vosotros. The change in the vowel stem does not affect the ending for the verb. The ending always depends on who the subject is and whether the verb ends in -AR, -ER, or -IR.

    Comenzar (to start, to begin)
      Singular Plural
    First    
      comienzo comenzamos
    Second comienzas comenzáis
    Third comienza comienzan
    • cerrar (to close)
    • comenzar (to start, to begin)
    • defender (to defend)
    • empezar (to start, to begin)
    • entender (to understand)
    • pensar (to think)
    • preferir (to prefer)
    • perder (to lose)
    • querer (to want)
    • sentir (to feel)
    • tener (to have) (yo tengo, tú tienes...)
    • venir (to come) (yo vengo, tu vienes...)

    2. With the second group of verbs, the stem vowel o changes to an ue in all of the forms except for the first and second person plural subjects, nosotros and vosotros. Again, the change in the vowel stem does not affect the ending for the verb, because it always depends on who the subject is and whether the verb ends in -AR, -ER, or -IR.

    Dormir (to sleep
      Singular Plural
    First duermo dormimos
    Second duermes dormís
    Third duerme duermen
    • almorzar (to eat lunch)
    • costar (to cost)
    • devolver (to return a thing, to give back)
    • encontrar (to find)
    • jugar (to play) (u > ue, juego, juegas, juega, jugamos, jugáis, juegan)
    • mostrar (to show)
    • poder (to be able, can)
    • recordar (to remember)
    • volver (to return, to come back)
    • volar (to fly)

    3. The third group of verbs, the stem vowel e changes to an i in all of the forms except for the first and second person plural subjects, nosotros and vosotros. All the verbs in this group are -IR verbs.

    Pedir (to ask for, to request)
      Singular Plural
    First s pido x pedimos
    Second pides pedís
    Third pide piden
    • decir (to say, to tell) (yo digo, tú dices...)
    • reír (to laugh) (yo río, tú ríes, él ríe, nosotros reímos, vosotros reís, ellos ríen)
    • repetir (to repeat)
    • seguir (to follow, to continue)
    • servir (to serve)
    • sonreír (to smile) (yo sonrío, tú sonríes…)
    Vocabulario: Navegando la ciudad

    Lugares en la comunidad (places in the community)

    • el aeropuerto (airport)
    • el banco (bank)
    • el bar (bar, pub)
    • el barrio (neighborhood)
    • el café (cafe, coffee shop)
    • la calle (street)
    • la casa (house)
    • el centro comercial (mall, shopping center)
    • el cine (cinema, movie theater)
    • la ciudad (city)
    • el club (club)
    • el correo (post office)
    • la discoteca (disco, dance hall)
    • el edificio (building)
    • la escuela (school)
    • la estación de metro (subway station)
    • la farmacia (pharmacy, drug store)
    • el hospital (hospital)
    • el hotel (hotel)
    • la iglesia (church)
    • el mercado (market)
    • el museo (museum)
    • el negocio (business)
    • la parada de autobús (bus stop)
    • el parque (park)
    • la piscina (pool)
    • la plaza (plaza, city square)
    • el restaurante (restaurant)
    • el supermercado (supermarket)
    • el teatro (theater)
    • la tienda (store, shop)
    • el zoológico (zoo)
    El verbo ir

    Like the verb ser, the conjugation of ir (to go) in the present tense is irregular. It is used to talk about where we are going (chapter 4) and how we are doing (chapter 1).

    Singular Plural

    yo voy

    		 nosotros vamos
    tú vas vosotros vais
    él / ella / usted va ellos / ellas / ustedes van

    Contracciones

    A + el = al (to the)
    De + el = del (from the)

    Ir + infinitivo

    The verb ir may be used as a way to describe future plans when used in the following manner: ir + a + infinitive. In this usage, ir behaves like a modal verb. You only need to conjugate ir based on the subject. Another way of looking at it is the rule that after a preposition (like a), a verb will always be in the infinitive.

    • Yo voy a estudiar esta noche. (I’m going to study tonight.)
    • Tú no vas a ganar mucho dinero aquí. (You are not going to earn much money here.)
    • Ella no va a comprar el libro. (She’s not going to buy the book.)
    • Ustedes van a mirar la tele, ¿verdad? (You all are going to watch TV, right?)
    Los verbos irregulares en la forma de ‘‘yo’’

    In addition to the conjugations of three main verb groups in Spanish (-er, -er, -ir), there are is a group of verbs that may be regular, irregular, stem changers *and* have an irregularity in their yo (first person singular) form. The tables below list this group of verbs

    Tener (to have)
    ‘Yo’ and stem
    changer    		 Hacer (to make/to do)
    Regular other than ‘yo’    		 Salir (to leave, to go out)
    Regular other than ‘yo’     		Traer (to bring)
    Regular other than ‘yo’    		 Venir (to come)
    ‘Yo’ and stem
    changer    		 Valer (to be worth)
    Regular other than ‘yo’    		 Poner (to put)
    Regular other than ‘yo’    		 Seguir (to follow)
    ‘Yo’ and stem
    changer    		 Decir (to say, to tell)
    ‘Yo’ and stem
    changer
    tengo hago salgo traigo vengo valgo pongo sigo digo
    tienes haces sales traes vienes vales pones sigues dices
    tiene hace sale trae viene vale pone sigue dice
    tenemos hacemos salimos traemos venimos valemos ponemos seguimos decimos
    tenéis hacéis salís traéis venís valéis ponéis seguís decís
    tienen hacen salen traen vienen valen ponen siguen dicen


    The three verbs listed below also have irregular ‘yo’ forms.

    Oír (to hear)
    Irregular, has “y” in some forms because of three vowels together: “i” in the middle becomes a “y” sound, and an accent mark is needed at other times to separate the weak and strong vowels.    		 Ver (to see)
    Regular other than ‘yo’, but note that accent mark is not needed for vosotros form, since it is one syllable.    		 Dar (to give)
    Regular other than ‘yo’, but note that accent mark is not needed for vosotros form, since it is one syllable.
    oigo veo doy
    oyes ves das
    oye ve da
    oímos vemos damos
    oís veis dais
    oyen ven dan
    Todas las preguntas

    Question words, also known as interrogative words or adverbs, are used to ask for specific information. They often pair up with the information they are looking for. For example if you ask ¿Dónde estás?, you would provide a location not a person's name, the time, or the day.

    Palabra para preguntar
    ¡Atención a la acentuación!    		 Question word Ejemplo Explicación
    ¿Qué? What? ¿Qué es esto? Pide definición de un sustantivo.
    ¿Cuál? / ¿Cuáles? Which one/ones? ¿Cuál es tu nombre?
    ¿Cuáles prefieres?    		 Singular / Plural.
    Pide una o unas de alguna categoría.
    ¿Cómo? How? ¿Cómo te llamas? Pide descripción de un verbo.
    ¿Dónde? Where? ¿Dónde vives? Pide lugar.
    Generalmente usado con el verbo “estar” para pedir locación.
    ¿A dónde? To where? ¿A dónde vas? Pide destino.
    Generalmente se usa con el verbo “ir” (irregular).
    ¿Quién? / ¿Quiénes? Who? ¿Quién eres tú?
    ¿Quiénes son ellos?    		 Singular / Plural.
    Pide identificación de personas.
    ¿Cuándo? When? ¿Cuándo es tu cumpleaños? Pide el momento, la hora o la época.
    ¿Cuánto? / ¿Cuánta? /
    ¿Cuántos? / ¿Cuántas?    		 How many? ¿Cuántos años tienes? Singular / Plural / Femenino / Masculino.
    Pide cantidades de cosas o personas.
    ¿Por qué? Why? ¿Por qué piensas esto? Pide razones.

    Contributors and Attributions

    This page titled 4.9: Putting It Together - ¿Qué tienes? is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Erica Brown, Alejandra Escudero, María Cristina Montoya, & Elizabeth Small (OER SUNY) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.