4.6: Post-Positions
- Page ID
- 187516
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Instructor Video: Postpositions in Urdu
English has a class of words called “prepositions”. Prepositions are the words that precede a phrase and indicate a relationship between the phrase and another word in the sentence. Urdu has a similar class of words known as “post-positions”. As the name implies, post-positions come after the word.
Simple Post-Positions
Simple post-positions consist of a single word.
Examples:
| Examples | English | Post-positions | |
|---|---|---|---|
| English | Urdu | ||
|
In my town |
میرے شہر میں |
in |
میں |
|
On a table |
میز پر |
on, |
پر |
|
At home |
گھر پر |
at |
|
|
From India |
ہندوستان سے |
from |
سے |
|
By train |
ٹرین سے |
by |
|
|
With a pen |
کلام سے |
with |
|
|
Since childhood |
بچپن سے |
since |
|
|
Bedroom House’s window (window of a house) House’s people (people of a house) |
سونے کا کمرہ گھر کی کھڑکی گھر کے لوگ |
‘s |
کا/کی /کے |
|
To a boy To you |
لڑکے کو آپکو |
to |
کو |
Compound Post-Positions
Urdu has many compound post-positions as well. Compound post-positions consist of two or more words. Most compound post-positions begin with the post-position کے/کی or سے .
Examples:
| Examples | English | Post-Positions | |
|---|---|---|---|
| English | Urdu | ||
|
For house |
گھر کے لیے |
for x |
کے لیے X |
|
About town |
شہر کے بارے میں |
about x |
کے بارے میں X |
|
Because of you |
آپ کی وجہ سے |
because of x |
کی وجہ سے X |
|
Far from home |
گھر سے |
far from x |
سے دور x |
|
Near home |
گھر کے قریب |
near x |
کے پاس/ نزدیک X |
|
Before school |
اسکول سے پہلے/اسکول سے پہلے |
before x |
سے / کے پہلے X |
|
Outside home |
گھر کے باہر |
outside x |
کے باہر X |
|
Inside the home |
گھر کے اندر |
inside the x |
کے اندر X |
|
After school |
اسکول کے بعد |
after x |
کے بعد X |
|
Above/on/on top of home |
گھر کے اوپر |
above/ on/ on top of x |
کے اوپر X |
|
Under/beneath/below roof |
چھت کے نیچے |
under/ beneath/ below x |
کے نیچے X |
|
Toward you |
آپ کی طرف |
towards x |
کی طرف X |
|
In front of you |
آسمان کے نیچے |
in front of x |
کے سامنے X |
|
Behind you |
آپ کے پیچھے |
behind x |
کے پیچھے X |
|
Ahead of you |
آپکے آگے |
ahead of x |
کے آگے X |
|
Together with/with/along with you |
آپکے ساتھ |
together with/ with/ along with x |
کے ساتھ X |
|
Between school and home |
اسکول اور گھر کے بیچ |
between x and y |
کے بیچ Y اور X |
Test Yourself
An interactive H5P element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here:
https://openbooks.lib.msu.edu/urdu/?p=95#h5p-16
Fill in the blanks with the suitable post-position.
An interactive H5P element has been excluded from this version of the text. You can view it online here:
https://openbooks.lib.msu.edu/urdu/?p=95#h5p-17
!شکریہ