3.3: Dialogue 3

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Michael：来週らいしゅう、友ともだちと旅行りょこうします。Raishuu tomodachi to ryokou-shimasu. I’ll be traveling with a friend next week.

Tanaka：どちらへ？ Dochira e? Where to?

Michael：京都きょうとに行いって、神社じんじゃやお寺てらを回まわります。 Kyouto ni itte, jinja ya otera o mawarimasu. 52 We’ll go to Kyoto and visit around shrines, temples, etc.

Tanaka：そう？いいわねえ。 Sou? Ii wa nee. Really? Good for you. (I envy you)

Michael：お土産みやげ、買かってきますよ。 Omiyage, katte kimasu yo. We’ll bring back a souvenir for you!

Vocabulary

raishuu らいしゅう来週 next week
＋konshuu こんしゅう今週 this week
＋senshuu せんしゅう先週 last week
to と with
tomodachi to ともだちと友達と with a friend
ryokou りょこう旅行 trip
＋shucchou しゅっちょう出張 business trip
dochira e どちらへ where to?
jinja じんじゃ神社 (Shinto) shrine
otera おてらお寺 (Buddhist) temple
＋kyoukai きょうかい教会 church
＋oshiro おしろお城 castle
mawarimasu まわります回ります go around
X をまわります take a tour of X
katte かって買って buy (te-form)
katte kimasu かってきます買ってきます go and buy, buy and come bask

Grammar Notes

Verb ~te Form

Every verb ends in ~masu/mashita and their negative forms ~masen/~masen deshita. In this lesson we introduce another form, the ~te form. This form has many uses including for making requests and for linking sentences in chronological order.

1. To make an informal style request, just use the ~て form. To make a formal style request, add kudasai.

見て。 Mite. Look.
見てください。 Mite kudasai. Please look.
ちょっと手伝ってください。Chotto tetsudatte kudasai. Please give me a hand.

2. To combine two or more sentences into one, change each verb to a 〜て form except for the final verb.

きょうとに行いきます。お寺てらを見みます。Kyouto ni ikimasu. Otera o mimasu. I’ll go to Kyoto. I’ll see temples.

→ 京都きょうとに行いって、お寺てらを見みます。 Kyouto ni itte, otera o mimasu. I’ll go to Kyoto and see temples.

It may sound repetitive and immature if more than three sentences are combined in this manner.

How do you make the ~te form of a verb? The conversion rules will be explained in later lessons. For now, memorize the ~te forms of the verbs that have been introduced so far.

Type 1: ~te (tabete, mite, kite, shite, dekite, dete, hanashite, norikaete, orite, )
Type 2: ~tte (ikimasu-itte, kaimasu-katte, tsukaimasu-tsukatte, norimasu-notte,
arimasu-atte, aimasu-atte, wakarimasu-wakatte, kaerimasu-kaette, tsukurimasu-tsukutte, tsukaimasu-tsukatte, hashirimasu-hashitte, )
Type 3: ~ite (kakimasu-kaite, kikimasu-kiite, tsukimasu-tsuite, arukimasu-aruite)
Type 4: ~ide (isogimasu-isoide)
Type 5: ~nde (nomimasu-nonde, yomimasu-yonde)

Verb ~te form + motion verbs

We say itte kimasu when we leave home in the morning or leave the office for a meeting. It literally means ‘I’ll go and come back.’ Similarly, Koohii, katte kimasu means ‘I’ll buy coffee and come back.’

When a ~te form is combined with the kimasu, it has the same meaning as the English phrase ‘go (and) do something.’ In English the going is mentioned and the coming back is assumed. On the other hand, in Japanese the going is assumed and the coming back is mentioned:

ひるご飯はん食たべてきます。Hirugohan Tabete kimasu. I’ll go and have lunch.

ちょっと見てきます。Chotto mite kimasu. I’ll just go (and) take a look.

In this pattern, the two activities are seen as one sequence, and the negative form negates usually the first activity, not the last. Note the following.

おみやげ、買かってきませんでした．Omiyageu katte kimasen deshita.

I (went there) but didn't buy gifts. (I forgot to buy gifts.)

宿題しゅくだいしてきませんでした． Shukudai shite kimasen desita.

I didn’t do my homework before I came. 5

A ~te form can be combined with other verbs of motion such as ikimasu and kaerimasu as well. Compare the following.

買かってきます。 Katte kimasu I’ll go and buy it (and come back).

買かって行きます。 Katte ikimasu. I’ll buy it and go.

Particle To indicating accompaniment ‘with’

We learned earlier that the particle to connects nouns.

きょうとあした kyou to ashita Today and tomorrow

In this lesson, we introduce the particle と meaning ‘with.’ It connects the preceding noun to the verb.

友達ともだちと京都きょうとへ行きます。 Tomocachi to Kyouto e ikimasu. I’m going to Kyoto with a friend.

先生せんせいと話はなしました。 Sensei to hanashimashita. I talked with a teacher.