1.33: Comparative and Superlative Adjectives and Adverbs; Dative of Degree of Difference
Module 27
© 2021 Philip S. Peek, CC BY 4.0 https://doi.org/ 10.11647/OBP.0264. 33
Adjectives
Remember that Greek and English adjectives have the same function, though the Greek adjective has endings and the English adjective does not. Adjectives in both languages are words that describe nouns. In the phrase the happy and sad blues, the , happy, and sad describe the noun blues . The Greek adjective has endings because the endings enable it to agree in gender, case, and number with the noun it modifies.
Adjectives and Degree
English and Greek adjectives have three degrees: positive, comparative, and superlative . English creates the three degrees of the adjective through suffixes or with the adverbs more and most :
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Positive: |
happy |
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Comparative: |
happier, more happy |
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Superlative: |
happiest, most happy |
Greek does the same.
Adjectives of the Comparative and Superlative Degree
Adjectives show degrees by using one of two sets of suffixes or by using the adverb μᾶλλον more for the comparative degree and the adverb μάλιστα most for the superlative degree.
The comparative degree suffixes - τερος , - τέρᾱ , - τερον decline like first and second declension adjectives.
The superlative degree suffixes - τατος , - τ άτη , - τατον decline like first and second declension adjectives.
The comparative degree suffixes - ιων , - ιον decline like third declension nouns with some alternate forms.
The superlative degree suffixes - ιστος , - ίστη , - ιστον decline like first and second declension adjectives.
An additional way to form the comparative and superlative is to use the adverbs μᾶλλον or μάλιστα , along with the positive degree of the adjective.
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μᾶλλον |
+ |
the positive degree of the adjective. |
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μάλιστα |
+ |
the positive degree of the adjective. |
Declining Comparative and Superlative Adjectives
To form the comparative and superlative degrees of 1st and 2nd declension adjectives, obtain the stem by dropping - ος from the masculine nominative singular.
If the stem ends in a long syllable (a long vowel or diphthong or a short vowel followed by two consonants or by the double consonants - ζ , - ξ , or - ψ ), add to it - ότερος , - οτ έρᾱ , - ότερον for the comparative and - ότατος , - οτάτη , - ότατον for the superlative.
If the stem ends in a short syllable , add to it - ώτερος , - ωτέρᾱ , - ώ τερον for the comparative, and - ώτατος , - ωτάτη , - ώτατον for the superlative.
Consider the following examples.
Comparative degree
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M |
F |
N |
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δηλότερος |
δηλοτέρᾱ |
δηλότερον |
clearer, more clear |
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σοφώτερος |
σοφωτέρᾱ |
σοφώτερον |
wiser, more wise |
Superlative degree
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M |
F |
N |
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δηλότατος |
δηλοτάτη |
δηλότατον |
clearest, most clear |
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σοφώτατος |
σοφωτάτη |
σοφώτατον |
wisest, most wise |
Declining Comparative and Superlative Adjectives in -ης, -ες and in -ύς, -εῖα, -ύ
To form the comparative and superlative degrees of 3rd declension adjectives ending in - ης , - ες and of adjectives ending in - ύς , - εῖα , - ύ , add the suffixes directly to the stem without any intervening vowel. The stem of these adjectives is taken from the neuter singular nominative.
Comparative degree
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M |
F |
N |
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ἀκριβέσ - τερος |
ἀκριβεστέρᾱ |
ἀκριβέστερον |
preciser, more precise |
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ἀ ληθέσ - τερος |
ἀληθέστέρᾱ |
ἀληθέστερον |
truer, more true |
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εὐθύ - τερος |
εὐθυτέρᾱ |
εὐθύτερον |
straighter, more straight |
Superlative degree
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M |
F |
N |
|
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ἀκριβέσ - τατος |
ἀκριβεστάτη |
ἀκριβέστατον |
precisest, most precise |
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ἀληθέσ - τατος |
ἀληθεστάτη |
ἀληθέστατον |
truest, most true |
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εὐθύ - τατος |
εὐθυτάτη |
εὐθύ τατον |
straightest, most straight |
Declining Comparative and Superlative Adjectives -ίων, -ιον and -ιστος, -ίστη, -ιστον
Adjectives that take - ίων , - ιον in the comparative degree take - ιστος , - ίστη , - ιστον in the superlative degree. The comparative degree declines like a third declension noun with a few alternate forms. The superlative degree declines like 1 st and 2 nd declension adjectives.
Comparative degree
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Superlative degree
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M |
F |
N |
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Ν |
ἥδιστος |
ἡδίστη |
ἥδιστον |
Adverbs
Unlike nouns, pronouns, and adjectives, adverbs do not have gender, number, or case. Adverbs modify adjectives, verbs, or other adverbs. Like adjectives, adverbs have three degrees: positive, comparative, and superlative .
For the positive degree English typically adds the suffix -ly . English uses the suffixes -er and -est or more and most to create the comparative and superlative degrees of the adverb:
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Positive: |
loudly |
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Comparative: |
loudlier, more loudly |
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Superlative: |
loudliest, most loudly |
Greek creates the three degrees by adding a suffix.
Adverbs of the Positive Degree
Most adverbs are formed from adjectives by adding - ως to the stem, found by dropping the ending from the masculine genitive singular of the adjective.
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- Adverbs in - ως accented on the ultima always have a circumflex: κακῶς .
Adverbs of the Comparative Degree
Adverbs formed from adjectives use as their comparative degree the neuter accusative singular of the comparative degree of the adjective.
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Adverbs of the Superlative Degree
Adverbs formed from adjectives use as their superlative degree the neuter accusative plural of the superlative degree of the adjective.
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Comparison with ἤ and the Genitive Case
When you compare two things as in these sentences,
laughter is stronger than tears,
and
the whole is greater than the part,
using the comparative degree, you may do so by using the word ἤ than or by using the genitive case without ἤ , called a genitive of comparison .
Consider these examples. The underline marks the second item in the comparison.
1. ὁ γέλως κρείττων ἢ οἰμωγή .
Laughter is stronger than tears .
2. ὁ γέλως κρείττων οἰμωγῆς .
Laughter is stronger than tears .
3. καὶ τὸ ὅλον μεῖζον τοῦ μέρους ἐστί .
The whole is greater than the part .
4. καὶ τὸ ὅλον μεῖζον ἢ τὸ μέρος ἐστί .
The whole is greater than the part .
Note that when you use ἤ , the two things being compared are always in the same case.
Dative of Degree of Difference
If you want to state the degree by which one thing is more than another, use the dative case. In this sentence,
π o λλῷ ἥδε σ o φωτέρα τῆς μητρός ἐστι ,
she is much wiser than her mother,
the π o λλῷ by much is the dative of degree of difference.
Adjectives and Adverbs in Summary
Τ he chart below contains all the information found above, and information on adjectives from other modules, but in a condensed form. Look it over, making sure that you understand how to read it.
Practice Translating Comparative and Superlative Adjectives. Translate the sentences below, which have been adapted from a variety of ancient Greek authors. Check your understanding with the translations in the Answer Key , making sure that you understand why each word translates as it does. Now go back and read each sentence two or three times, noticing with each rereading how much better your understanding of the sentence becomes. Make this a habit and you will improve quickly.
Satyros of Kallatis, Σάτυρος Κάλλατις c. 150 BCE. Satyros was a philosopher, historian, and biographer whose subjects included kings, philosophers, poets, orators, and statesmen. Fragments of his biography on Euripides were found on a papyrus scroll at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt in the early 1900s.
- τί νομίζεις τὴν δημοκρατίαν π o λλῷ ἡδίονα τυραννίδος ;
- μικροὶ γέροντι παῖδες ἡδίους πατρὶ καὶ μητρί τινου (Satyros).
- ὁ δὲ στρατηγὸς ἔφη αὐτὸς κρείττων ὕδατος .
- θάνατος ἡμᾶς ταῦτα ἀναμιμνήσκει ὅτι ὁ πλοῦτος χείρων ἢ ὑγίεια .
- τίνι τρόπῳ εἶ τρόπου ἡσυχίου ἐπε ὶ τάχιστα εἰς ὀργὴν σπεύδεις ;
- ἔ φη μέγιστον γὰρ ἕλκος πόλεως κακὸν ῥήτορα δημαγωγόν· ὃς γὰρ δῆμον πείθει κακὰ ποιέειν (Satyros).
- ταῦτα γάρ ἐστι δήπου ἃ συνέχει τὴ ν νεωτέραν κωμωιδίαν καὶ ἃ πρὸς ἄκρον ἤγαγεν Εὐριπίδης (Satyros).
- ἐν δὲ τούτῳ τῷ καιρῷ κινδυνε ύσεις ἐγεῖραί τινα ᾧ τὰ χρήματα πλεῖστα καὶ κρατίστη ἡ ἀνδραγαθία ;
- σκοπέειν δ ’ ἄξιον . τί γὰρ εὐλογώτερον ἐπεὶ τάς γε κακίας καὶ τὰς ἀρετάς , καθάπερ ἔλεγεν ὁ Σωκράτης ̣, τὰς αὐτὰς ̣ ἐν καὶ ἀνδρὶ καὶ γυναικὶ ἔστιν εὑρεῖν (Satyros);
- ἡ δὲ μεταπέμπει τὴν ἄνθρωπον καὶ ἰδοῦσα τὸ κάλλος , “ χαῖρε ,” φησίν , “ γύναι · ψευδεῖς ἄρ ’ αἱ διαβολαί · σὺ γὰρ ἐν τῷ προσώπῳ τῷ σῷ καὶ τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς ἔχεις φάρμακα κάλλιστα (Satyros).
Vocabulary
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* ἄγω , ἄξω , ἤγαγον do, drive, lead; χάριν ἄγω I give thanks |
* λέγω , λέξω or ἐρέω , ἔλεξα or εἶπον say, tell, speak |
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ἄκρον ἄκρου τό top, furthest point; mountain top |
μέγιστος , μεγίστη , μέγιστον greatest |
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ἀναμιμνήσκω call to mind, remind |
μεταπέμπω send for, send after |
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ἀνδραγαθία , ἀνδραγαθίας ἡ courage, bravery |
* μήτηρ , μητέρος ( μητρός ) ἡ mother |
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* ἀνήρ , ἀνδρός ὁ man, husband |
* μικρός , μικρά , μικρόν small |
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* ἄνθρωπος , ἀνθρώπου ἡ ὁ human, person |
νεώτερος , νεωτέρα , νεώτερον newer |
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* ἄξιος , ἀξίᾱ , ἄξιον worthy, deserving + gen. |
* νομίζω , νομιέω , ἐνόμισα believe, think, have the custom of, hold as custom |
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* ἀρετή , ἀρετῆς ἡ virtue; excellence |
ὀργή , ὀργῆς ἡ mood; anger, wrath |
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γέρων , γέροντος ὁ old man |
* ὁράω , ὄψομαι , εἶδον ( ἰδεῖν ) see |
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* γυνή , γυναικός ἡ woman, wife |
ὀφθαλμός , ὀφθαλμοῦ ὁ eye |
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δημαγωγός , δημαγωγοῦ ὁ demagogue |
παίζω play, sport, dance |
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δημοκρατία , δημοκρατίας ἡ democracy |
* παῖς , παιδός ἡ ὁ child |
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* δῆμος , δήμου ὁ people |
* πατήρ , πατρός ὁ father |
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δήπου surely |
* πείθω , πείσω , ἔπεισα persuade + inf.; (mid. or pass.) listen to, obey + dat. or gen. |
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διαβολή διαβολῆς ἡ slander |
* πλεῖστος , πλείστη , πλεῖστον most, greatest, largest |
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ἐγείρω , ἐγερέω , ἤγειρα awaken, rouse |
πλοῦτος , πλούτου ὁ wealth |
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ἕλκος , ἕλκεος (- ους ) τό wound |
* ποιέω , ποιήσω , ἐποίησα do, make, cause; (mid.) consider |
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εὐλογώτερος , εὐλογώτερον more reasonable |
* πόλις , πόλιος ( πόληος , πόλεως ) ἡ city |
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Εὐριπίδης , Εὐριπίδου ὁ Euripides , tragic playwright from Athens, c. 450 BCE |
πρόσωπον , προσώπου τό face |
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* εὑρίσκω , εὑρήσω , η ὗρον find |
ῥήτωρ , ῥήτορος ὁ rhetor, speaker |
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* ἔφη he, she, it said |
* σκοπέω , σκοπήσω , ἐσκόπησα , look at; examine; consider |
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* ἔχω , ἕξω or σχ ήσω , ἔσχον have, hold; be able + inf.; καλῶς ἔχειν to be well |
* σός , σή , σόν your |
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ἡδίων , ἥ διον sweeter, pleasanter |
σπεύδω , σπεύσω , ἔσπευσα urge on, press on; hasten, be eager |
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ἡσύχιος , ἡσύχιον quiet |
συνέχω make up, contain |
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θάνατος , θαν άτου ὁ death |
Σωκράτης ̣, Σωκράτους ὁ Sokrates , Plato’s teacher and famous oral philosopher c. 450 BCE |
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ἰδοῦσα , ἰδούσης ἡ seeing, having seen |
τάχιστα most quickly |
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καθάπερ just as |
* τρόπος , τρόπου ὁ way, manner, turn; (pl.) character |
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* καιρός , καιροῦ ὁ right moment, critical time, opportunity |
τυραννίς , τυραννίδος ἡ tyranny |
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κακία , κακίας ἡ wickedness; fault |
ὑγίεια , ὑγιείᾱς ἡ health, soundness |
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* κακός , κακή , κακόν bad, evil, cowardly |
ὕδωρ , ὕδατος τό water; pond |
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κάλλιστος , καλλ ίστη , κάλλιστον most beautiful |
φάρμακον , φαρμάκου τό drugs, medicine |
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κάλλος , κάλλεος ( κάλλους ) τό beauty |
* φημί say, affirm, assert |
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κινδυνεύω , κινδυνεύσω , ἐκινδύνευσα run a risk, hazard; dare + inf.; be likely + inf. |
χαίρω be well; rejoice at, take pleasure in + dat. |
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κράτιστος , κρατίστη , κράτιστον strongest |
χείρων , χεῖρον worse, inferior |
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κρείττων , κρεῖττον better, stronger, greater |
* χρῆμα , χρήματος τό thing; (pl.) goods, money, property |
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κωμωιδία , κωμωιδίας ἡ comedy |
ψευδής , ψευδές false |
- The asterisk indicates the top 250 most frequently occurring vocabulary, which you are to memorize.
Practice Translating. Translate the sentences below, which have been adapted from Homer’s Odyssey ( Ὀδύσσεια ). Remember the meanings and functions of the cases presented in Module 7 . Use your memory to identify endings and their functions. If you forget an ending or a function, consult the Adjective, Adverb, Noun, and Pronoun Chart in Appendix VIII and the Case and Function Chart in Appendix I. Check your understanding with the translations in the Answer Key , making sure that you understand why each word translates as it does. Now go back and read each sentence two or three times, noticing with each rereading how much better your understanding of the sentence becomes. Make this a habit and you will improve quickly.
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Πηνελόπεια : δοιαὶ γάρ τε πύλαι ἀμενηνῶν εἰσὶν ὀνείρων · αἱ μὲν γὰρ κεράεσι τεύχονται , αἱ δ ’ ἐλέφαντι . αὐτῶν οἱ μὲν ἔρχονται διὰ πριστοῦ ἐλέ φαντος . οὗτοι ῥ ’ ἐλεφαίρονται καὶ ἔπε ’ ἀκράαντα φέ ρουσιν . οἱ δὲ διὰ ξεστῶν κεράων ἔρχονται θύραζε . οὗτοι ῥ ’ ἔτυμα κραίνουσι , βροτῶν εἴ τις ὁρά ει . ἀλλʼ ἐμοὶ οὐκ ἐντεῦθεν οἴομαι α ἰνὸν ὄνειρον ἐλθεῖν . εἰ οὕτως , ἦ ἀσπαστὸν ἐμοὶ καὶ παιδὶ γενήσεται . ἄλλο δέ σοι ἐρέω· ἥδε δὲ ἠὼς ἐλεύσεται δυσώνυμος , ἣ μ ’ Ὀδυσσέως οἴκου ἀποσχήσει . νῦν γὰρ καταθή σω ἄεθλον , τοὺς πελέκεας , οὓς κεῖνος ἐν μεγάροις ἵστησιν ἑξείης , δρυόχους ὥς , δώδεκα πάντας . ἵστησιν δ ’ ὅ γε πολὺ ἄνευθε καὶ διαρριπτάσκει οἰστόν . νῦν δὲ μνηστήρεσιν ἄεθλον τοῦτον ἐφήσω· ὃς δὲ ῥηΐτατʼ ἐντανύει βιὸν ἐν παλάμαις καὶ διοϊστεύει πελέκεων δυοκαίδεκα π άντων , τούτῳ αὐτὴ ἅμ ’ ἕψομαι . κα ὶ νοφίσομαι τόδε δῶμα κουρίδιον , μά λα καλόν , ἐνίπλειον βιότου , οὗ ποτὲ μνήσεσθαι οἴομαι ἔν περ ὀνείρῳ . |
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Ὀδυσσεύς ξεῖνος : ὦ γύναι αἰδοίη Λαερτι άδου Ὀδυσσέως , δεῖ μηκέτι νῦν ἀ ναβάλλειν δόμοις ἔνι τοῦτον ἄεθλον . πρὶ ν γὰρ πολύμητις ἐλεύσεται ἐνθάδ ’ Ὀδυσσεύς , πρὶν τούτους τόδε τό ξον ἐΰξοον ἀμφαφάειν τε νευρήν τ ’ ἐνταν ύσαι διοϊστεῦσαί τε σιδήρου . |
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Πηνελόπεια : εἰ ἐ θέλεις παρά μοι , ξεῖνε , ἧσθαι ἐν μεγ άροις καὶ τέρπειν , οὐκ οἴομαί μοι ὕπνον ἐπὶ βλεφάροις χυθήσεσθαι . |
Adverbs and Verbs
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ἀμφαφ άω touch, feel, handle |
ἦ in truth, verily |
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ἀναβάλλω , - βαλέω , - έβαλον strike up; throw up; delay |
ἧμαι ( ἧσαι , ἧσται , ἥμεθα , ἧστε , ἧνται ; ἧσθαι ) sit |
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ἄ νευθε far away, distant |
θύραζε to the doors, out of doors |
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ἀπέχω keep off or away from |
* ἵστημι , στήσω , ἔστησα or ἔστην stand, make stand , place |
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* γίγνομαι , γενήσομαι , ἐγενόμην be, be born |
κατατίθημι place, put, lay down |
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* δεῖ it is necessary + ‘x’ in gen. or dat. or acc. + inf., δεῖ ἐλθεῖν it is necessary to come |
κραίνω , κρανέω , ἔκρανα accomplish, fulfil, bring to pass |
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διαρριπτάσκω shoot through, cast |
* λ έγω , λέξω or ἐρέω , ἔλεξα or ε ἶπον say, tell, speak |
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διοϊστεύω shoot an arrow through + gen. |
μάλα very |
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* εἰμί , ἔσομαι be, be possible |
μηκέτι no longer |
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* ἐθέλω , ἐθελήσω , ἠθέ λησα wish, be willing |
μιμνήσκω , μνήσω , ἔμνησα remember + gen. |
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ἐλεφαίρομαι cheat with empty hopes |
νοφίζω , νοφιέω νοφίσομαι , ἐνόφισα turn away, shrink back; forsake, abandon |
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ἐνθάδε here, there; hither, thither |
* οἴομαι ( οἶμαι ), οἰήσομαι , ᾠσάμην think, suppose, believe |
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ἐνί = ἐν |
* ὁράω , ὄψομαι , εἶδον ( ἰδεῖν ) see |
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ἐντανύω stretch, bend, string |
ῥηΐτατα most easily |
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ἐντεῦθεν ( ἐνθεῦτεν ) thence, hence |
τέρπω , τέρψω , ἐτερψα delight, cheer ; enjoy + dat. |
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ἑξεί ης in order, in a row |
τεύχω , τεύξω , ἔτευξα make ready, make, produce; cause, bring to pass |
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* ἕπομαι (imp. εἱπόμην ), ἕψομαι , ἑσπόμην follow + dat. |
* φέρω , οἴσω , ἤνεγκα or ἤνεγκον bring, bear, carry; endure |
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* ἔρχομαι , ἐλεύσομαι , ἦ λθον ( ἐλθεῖν ) come, go |
χέω , χέω , ἔχεα , κέχυκα , κέχυμαι , ἐχύθην pour; (pass.) be heaped up |
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ἐφίημι , - ήσω , - ῆκα send on, against; let go, yield; (mid.) command, give orders; (mid.) aim at, long for + gen.; (mid.) allow, permit + ‘x’ in dat. + inf. |
Adjectives, Nouns, Pronouns
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ἄεθλον , ἀέθλου τό prize, contest |
ἠώς , ἠούς ἡ dawn |
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αἰδοῖος , αἰδοία , αἰδοῖον : deserving of awe, respect; valuable, excellent; bashful, modest; τὰ αἰδοῖα private parts |
* καλός , καλή , καλόν beautiful, good, noble |
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αἰνός , αἰνή , αἰνόν dread, dire, grim |
κεῖνος , κείνου ὁ he, that one |
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ἀκράαντος , ἀκράαντον unfulfilled, fruitless |
κέρας , κέραος τό horn of an animal |
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* ἄλλος , ἄλλη , ἄλλο another, other |
κουρίδιος , κουριδία , κουρίδιον wedded, nuptial, bridal |
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ἀμενηνός , ἀμενηνόν powerless, fleeting, feeble |
Λαερτιάδης , Λαερτιάδου ὁ son of Laertes |
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ἀσπαστ ός , ἀσπαστή , ἀσπαστόν welcome |
μέγαρον , μεγάρου τό megaron, great hall |
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βιός , βιοῦ ὁ bow |
μνηστήρ , μνηστῆρος ὁ (epic dat. pl. μνηστήρεσσιν ) suitor |
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βίοτος , βιότου ὁ life |
νευρή , νευρῆς ἡ sinew, bow-string; cord |
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βλέφαρα , βλεφ άρων τά eyelids, eyes |
ξεῖνος ( ξένος ), ξείνου ( ξένου ) ὁ stranger; guest-friend |
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βροτός , βροτοῦ ὁ mortal |
ξεστός , ξεστή , ξεστόν smooth, polished, wrought |
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* γυνή , γυναικ ός ἡ woman, wife |
Ὀδυσσεύς , Ὀδυσσέως ὁ Odysseus |
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δοιός , δοιά , δοιόν two |
οἶκος , οἴκου ὁ house, palace |
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δόμο ς , δόμου ὁ house |
οἰστός , οἰστοῦ ὁ arrow |
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δρύοχοι , δρυόχων οἱ props, stays, shores (on which the frame of a ship is propped) |
ὄνειρος , ὀνείρου ὁ dream |
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δυοκαίδεκα twelve |
* παῖς , παιδός ἡ ὁ child |
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δυσώνυμος , δυσώνυμον bearing an ill name, ill-omened |
παλάμη , παλάμης ἡ palm, hand |
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δώδεκα twelve |
πέλεκυς , πελέκεως ὁ axe |
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δῶμα , δώματος τό house |
πολύμητις , πολυμήτιος of many counsels |
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ἐλέφας , ἐλέφαντος ὁ elephant; elephant’s tusk; ivory |
πριστός , πριστή , πριστόν sawn |
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ἐνίπλειος , ἐνίπλειον full of + gen. |
πύλη , πύλης ἡ gate |
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ἔπος , ἔπεος ( ἔπους ) τό word, speech; song; saying; verse |
σίδηρος , σιδήρου ὁ iron |
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ἔτυμος , ἔτυμον true, real, actual |
τόξον , τόξου τό bow |
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ἐΰξοος , ἐΰξοον polished |
ὕπνος , ὕπνου ὁ sleep |
- The asterisk indicates the top 250 most frequently occurring vocabulary, which you are to memorize.
Practice Parsing Greek Sentences. Parse each word of the sentences found below. For nouns and pronouns, give their case and function. For verbs, their give person, number, tense, mood, and voice. For adverbs and conjunctions, identify them. For prepositional phrases, give the preposition and the preposition’s object. For adjectives, tell what noun they agree with in gender, number, and case.
ο ὖν τι βούλῃ περὶ τῶν ἐκεῖ φράζειν ἐμοί ἢ ἄπειμι ;
εἴ ἐθέλεις παρά μοι , ξεῖνε , ἧσθαι ἐν μεγάροις καὶ τ έρπειν , οὐκ οἴομαί μοι ὕπνον ἐπὶ βλεφάροις χυθήσεσθαι .
Check your answers with those in the Answer Key .
Boustrophedon
Boustrophedon is a way of writing that starts in the way that we are used to but upon reaching the end of the line the writing turns back on itself with the letters facing in the new direction, much as a farmer, plowing a field, turns his cow at row’s end.
In cultures where books are expensive and difficult to acquire, one book serves many readers and people learn how to read words from many different angles, including upside down. For them, reading upside down is as rightside up as reading rightside up is to us. As you consider the many ways that people differ from each other, also consider how culture determines much of what we assume, believe, desire, think about, and value. These differences represent the vast range of human potential and possibility.
Module 27 Top 250 Vocabulary to be Memorized. Like learning the alphabet and endings, memorizing vocabulary is essential to acquiring language. The better you memorize the top 250 most frequently occurring vocabulary words the greater mastery of the language you will have.
Adjectives
λοιπός , λοιπή , λοιπόν left, remaining
μέσος , μέση , μέσον middle, middle of + gen.
μικρός , μικρά , μικρόν small, little, short
Verbs
εἶμι come, go
ἔρομαι ( εἴρομαι ), ἐρήσομαι ( εἰρήσομαι ), ἠρόμην , -----, -----, ----- ask, ask ‘x’ in acc. about ‘y’ in acc.
εὑρίσκω , εὑρήσω , ηὗρον , ηὕρηκα , ηὕρημαι , ηὑρέθην find out, discover
ἥκω , ἥξω , ------, ------, ------, ------ have come, be present
πάρειμι go in, enter; pass by