1.6: Aussprache
- Page ID
- 103660
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The „Aussprache” (pronunciation) section of each chapter will introduce you to the amazing (or bizarre) sound system and dialects of the German language. The German language is incredibly rich in local and regional varieties, and it is actually quite difficult to settle on what basic sound-system to present to the beginning language learner. We settled on the highGerman variety spoken in Germany because it is the most flexible and the most natural choice for non-native speakers, until they establish a cultural link to a specific region of the German-speaking countries and adopt the dialect spoken there (there is a standard high German in Austria and a standard high German in Switzerland, which later chapters will explore). The German standard variety is spoken by most people in official settings (e.g., television, travel, in education).
Das Alphabet
The German alphabet consists of 26 (plus 4) letters: 8 vowels and 22 consonants While this is a longer list than the English alphabet, you should most definitely not despair. Once you learn the sound-symbol associations (how each letter or compound letter is pronounced), you will know how any and all German words are pronounced because German is very consistent. For example, in English, the letter ”i” can be pronounced in different ways (consider: ice, igloo, girl, just to name a few). In German an ”i” stays ”i” (ist, immer, Blitz, even if there are long vs. short versions: finden vs. Isar).
Listen to the alphabet, to hear how these letters are pronounced:
A, Ä, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, Ö, P, Q, R, S, ß, T, U, Ü, V, W, X, Y, Z
Listen to sample vocabulary.
| A das Ausland, der Autobus, das Alphabet, die Alpen | foreign country, motor coach, alphabet, the Alps |
|
B die Bevölkerung, Berlin, die Bahn, das Bundesland |
population, Berlin, train, state |
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C campen, ICE, der (Video-)Clip, checken |
to camp, ICE (bullet train), video-clip, to check |
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D Deutschland, Döner, drei, Donnerwetter |
Germany, kabobs, three, thunderstorm |
| E der Einwohner, eben, essen, erfahren | inhabitant, flat, to eat, to experience |
|
F der Flughafen, die Fantasie, Rad fahren, das Formular |
airport, fantasy, to ride a bike, form |
| G die Gastfamilie, geben, gastfreundlich, das Gemüse | host family, to give, hospitable, vegetable |
|
H das Heimweh, historisch, die Hälfte, das Haus |
homesickness, historical, half, house |
| I das Inland, die Insel, insgesamt, der Ingeneur | home country, island, altogether, engineer |
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J jetzt, das Jahr, joggen, die Jugendherberge |
now, year, to jog, youth hostel |
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K die Kreuzfahrt, der Käse, der Kurs, kommunizieren |
cruise, cheese, course, to communicate |
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L das Land, leben, laufen, leer |
country, to live, to walk or run, empty |
|
M das Meer, meinen, die Minderheit, München |
ocean, to mean, minority, Munich |
| N die Nationalität, nehmen, nachfragen, nein | nationality, to take, to ask about, no |
| O offen, die Oper, oberflächlich, das Ohr | open, opera, superficial, ear |
| P der Pass, pfeifen, die Post, die Pause | passport, to whistle, mail, break |
| Q das Quartier, der Quadratmeter, der Quatsch, das Quiz | accommodation, square meter, nonsense, quiz |
| R reisen, der Reporter, Regensburg, das Ruhrgebiet | to travel, reporter, Regensburg, the Ruhr |
| S die Schweiz, das Salz, schreiben, singen | Switzerland, salt, to write, to sing |
| T der Tourismus, die Technologie, bitte, trainieren |
tourism, technology, please, to train |
| U der Urlaub, untersuchen, die U-Bahn, unbequem | vacation, to investigate, subway, uncomfortable |
| V die Verkehrsmittel, vierzig, vorstellen, verbringen | means of transportation, 40, introduce, spend |
| W wandern, die Wolke, wir, Würzburg | to hike, cloud, we, Würzburg |
| X x-Achse, x-fach, das Xylofon, die Existenz | x-axis, ever so often, xylophone, existence |
| Y y-Achse, die Yacht, der Typ |
y-axis, yacht, type |
| Z der Zug, das Zimmer, zurück, ziehen | train, room, back, to haul |
There are also a handful of “strange-looking” letters in German, with which the following chapters will deal in detail. Here is a very brief overview of them as an appetizer:
| Ä, ä ähnlich, die Anwältin, ärgern, die Ästhetik | similar, attorney, to anger, aesthetic |
| Ö, ö Österreich, öffnen, das Öl, ökologisch | Austria, to open, oil, ecological |
| Ü, ü die Übung, überzeugen, kühl, amüsieren | practice, to convince, cool, to amuse |
| ß die Straße, spaßen, heißen, außen | street, to joke, to be called, outside |