1.3: On analyse- les pronoms sujets
- Page ID
- 257923
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** Potential ADAPT/H5P problem
Listen to your instructor and decide if the following sentences are singular or plural.
Then listen again and write the sentence you hear.
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singulier |
pluriel |
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Modèle : Ils sont étudiants. You check: |
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2. On apprend
What is a subject pronoun? Why and when do we use them?
Look at all the activities you have completed before and try to find the appropriate French pronouns to complete this list (you may or may not be able to complete the entire list):
** Potential ADAPT/H5P problem
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I |
We |
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You (informal/ singular) |
You (formal/plural) |
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He |
You (plural) |
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She |
They (masculine) |
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They (singular/non-binary) |
They (feminine) |
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One/ we (informal) |
They (plural/non-binary) |
*There is no pronoun meaning “it” in French. Inanimate nouns are either masculine or feminine, requiring the use of “il” or “elle,” e.g., le portable (m) = il, la chaise (f) = elle
#Grammaire #PronomsSujets
Cliquez ici, lisez les explications et complétez les activités : subject pronouns
3. On s’entraîne
** Potential ADAPT/H5P problem
Using a search engine or people you know, find real-world examples of people that correspond to the pronouns in the following sentences :
Modèle :
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Iels sont chanteurs / chanteuses |
Iels = Sam Smith & Demi Lovato. |
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Tu es dans la salle de classe. Il est étudiant. Elle est étudiante. Iel est acteur / actrice. On est étudiant. Nous sommes étudiantes / étudiants. Vous êtes professeur / professeure. Vous êtes étudiantes / étudiants. Ils sont dans la salle de classe. Elles sont journalistes. |
Tu = Il = Elle = Iel = On = Nous = Vous = Vous Ils = Elles = |
Share and compare your lists with your partner(s).
Ch 1 Devoirs 2
You have probably already noticed that nouns (=words for things) in French are often described in terms of their grammatical gender, e.g. la/une chaise ‘the/a chair (f.)’ or le/un livre ‘the/a book (m.)’. The way words are categorized by their gender in grammar doesn't have anything to do with whether they're boy or girl things. It's actually a leftover rule from Latin, which is the language that French came from.
Pronouns are little words used to replace nouns in order to improve the efficiency of communication, e.g. The cat (noun) was sitting at the door. The cat (noun) was meowing. It (pronoun) looked hungry. Pronouns traditionally reflect the same masculine/feminine binary categories found in nouns, e.g. il is used to mean ‘it’ when the noun is grammatically masculine; elle is used to mean ‘it’ when the noun is grammatically feminine.
The problem is that pronouns also refer to people, and humans have complex social identities that reflect their norms, behaviors, roles and relationships in the communities they are a part of. One of these social identities is gender. Because the same word is used to talk about (social) gender as (grammatical) gender, people often conflate the two. This is not a problem in languages like Finnish where all people use the same pronoun in grammar regardless of their social gender identity (all use hän), but it does create a problem in French because there are only two grammatical categories in the language and a variety of gender categories that someone might identify with. So how do French speakers who don’t identify with the masculine/feminine binary use grammar to talk about themselves? They innovate a new non-binary pronoun, known as iel.
Iel, pronounced “yell,” is a combination of il and elle, and is a common way for people who do not identify as masculine or feminine to refer to themselves in French. In English, speakers use the singular ‘they’ to do this, e.g., Someone just texted you! Oh, really? What did they want? Other languages with similar binary grammars have also innovated new forms to bring representation to non-binary individuals. In Swedish, for instance, speakers did something similar to French by innovating a novel form from the pre-existing forms in the grammar: hun = ‘she’, han = ‘he’, hen = non-binary ‘they’.
Iel is an innovative neopronoun that is gaining in popularity, but not all speakers in the francophone world recognize it, as with singular ‘they’ in English. Throughout this book, you will see iel regularly in exercises and activities. It is our hope that learners will understand the ways in which language can be changed to bring better representation to the people who use it and, in doing so, find the necessary tools to represent their own social identities when using French.
What are the non-binary pronouns in the other language(s) you speak?
What other ways are non-binary genders recognized in the grammar?