1.5: Grammar

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Learning Objectives

In this section, you will be able to:

Learn about the Arabic parts of speech (nouns, verbs, and particles).

Arabic Parts of Speech

Arabic words are divided into three categories of words. They are nouns الأسماء, verbs الأفعال, and الحروف particles. Therefore, learning Arabic will be more accessible by understanding the type of each word.

The noun الاسم - "Alisem"

Like English, the Arabic word "Isem" is used to identify the nouns, such as proper and common nouns (things). Nouns in Arabic can be definite or indefinite, singular or plural, masculine or feminine.

The Verb الفعل - "Alfea'l"

Verb فعل is an action word that has a tense attached to it. The tenses are past, present, and future.

The Particle الحرف - "AlHaref"

Harf حرف is a word that makes no sense on its own unless it accompanies another word after it. Check these examples in Arabic and English.

Example \(\PageIndex{1}\)

Prepositions in English and Arabic: To إِلى ,in في ,on عَلى etc.

Examples to learn the Arabic Propositions حروف الجر
The sentence with the proposition in English	The sentence with the preposition in Arabic	The sentence in Transliteration
I go to school.	أذهب إلى المدرسة	Adhhab 'iilaa almadrasa
The pen is on the table.	القلم على الطاولة	Alqalam ealaa altaawila
The students are in the house.	الطلاب في البيت	Atulaab fi albeit

Types of Arabic Sentences

There are two types of Arabic sentences: Nominal and verbal sentences. The nominal sentence starts with a noun or a pronoun, and the verbal sentence begins with a verb. A nominal sentence does not need a verb like in English and consists of a subject المبتدأ and a predicate الخبر.

Example \(\PageIndex{2}\)

Examples of Nominal and Verbal Sentences
	Nominal Sentences	Verbal Sentence
The sentence in Arabic	الْبَيْتُ كَبِيرٌ	يَذْهَبُ عَـلي إِلى الْبَيْتِ
The sentence in Transliteration	Al-baytu Kabeeron	Yazahabu Ali Ilaa Al-bayti
The meaning in English	The house is big.	Ali goes to the house.

Watch this video to learn more about Arabic speech parts. Also, you should know that the video has advanced information: