Skip to main content
Humanities LibreTexts

4.4: Reading and Writing

  • Page ID
    278243
  • \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

    \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

    ( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

    \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

    \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)

    \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)

    \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)

    \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)

    \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}}      % arrow\)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}}      % arrow\)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}} \)

    \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)

    \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)

    \(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)
    Learning Objectives

    In this section, you will be able to:

    • Understand a text about Mohamed Salah, focusing on key details, and expand vocabulary.
    • Improve reading and writing skills.
    • Apply grammar rules in context.

    Reading 1: محمد صلاح: اللاعب الأفضل عربيّاً وعالميّاً

    This text is about Mohamed Salah, a globally famous Egyptian soccer player. It describes his personal and professional life, including his achievements, physical appearance, and dedication to his family and career. The text introduces vocabulary related to personal appearance, sports, and family relationships. As you read, pay attention to:

    1. How Mohamed Salah is described physically.
    2. Details about his family and personal life.

    This text will help you practice reading comprehension, expand your vocabulary, and learn how to describe people in Arabic. Mohamed Salah is a talented soccer player and a role model for hard work and humility.

    Mohammad Salah in UEFA Super Cup 2019
    Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): محمد صلاح
    Mohammad Salah is wearing dark color jacket in 2018.
    Figure \(\PageIndex{2}\): محمد صلاح

    محمد صلاح اللاعب الأفضل عربيّاً وعالميّاً

    مُحَمَّد صَلَاح هُوَ لَاعِب كُرَةِ قَدَم مِصْرِي مَشْهُور عَالَمِيًّا، وَهُوَ مَشْهُور مِنْ أَكْثَرِ اللَّاعِبِينَ العَرَب. يَلْعَبُ فِي فَرِيقِ لِيفِرْبُول الإِنْجِلِيزِي، وَهُوَ مِنْ أَسْرَعِ اللَّاعِبِينَ فِي الفَرِيقِ. مُحَمَّد صَلَاح مِنْ أَفْضَلِ اللَّاعِبِينَ العَرَب، وَهُوَ مِنْ أَغْلَى اللَّاعِبِينَ فِي الفَرِيقِ.

    مُحَمَّد طَوِيل، طُولُهُ مئة وخمس وسبعون (175) سِنْتِيمِتْرًا، وَوَزْنُهُ اثنان وسبعون (72) كِيلُوغْرَامًا، وَجِسْمُهُ رِيَاضِيّ. شَعْرُهُ أَسْوَد وَكَثِيف وَمُجَعَّد، وَعَيْنَاهُ بُنِّيَتَان، ولَديْهِ لِحيَة كثيفة وسوداء. يَلْبَسُ قَمِيصًا رِيَاضِيًّا أَحْمَر وَبَنْطَلُونًا قَصِيرًا عِنْدَمَا يَلْعَبُ فِي المُبَارَيَات.

    مُحَمَّد يُمَارِسُ الرِّيَاضَة يَوْمِيًّا وَيَأْكُلُ طَعَامًا صِحِّيًّا. عِنْدَمَا يَلْعَبُ، يَلْبَسُ حِذَاءً رِيَاضِيًّا يُسَاعِدُهُ عَلَى الرَّكْضِ بِسُرْعَة.

    مُحَمَّد مُتَزَوِّج، وَزَوْجَتُهُ اِسْمُهَا مَاجِي مُحَمَّد وَهِيَ مِصْرِيَّة أَيْضًا. مُحَمَّد لَدَيْهِ اِبْنَتَان وَاِسْمُهُمَا مَكَّة وَكَيَان. ابْنَتُهُ مَكَّة أَكْبَرُ مِنْ كَيَان. يُحِبُّ مُحَمَّد قَضَاءَ الوَقْتِ مَعَ أُسْرَتِهِ، وَالِدُهُ يَعْمَلُ فِي التِّجَارَةِ وَوَالِدَتُهُ رَبَّةُ مَنْزِل، وَلَدَيْهِ أَخ وَأُخْت.

    مُحَمَّد صَلَاح لَيْسَ فَقَطْ لَاعِبَ كُرَةِ قَدَم رَائِع، وَلَكِنَّهُ أَيْضًا لَاعِبٌ عَالَمِيٌّ. يَعْمَلُ بِجِدٍ وَيَحْتَرِمُ الجَمِيعَ دَاخِلَ وَخَارِجَ المَلْعَب.

    Grammar Notes from the text

    The text about Mohamed Salah includes several grammar notes. Here are the key grammar notes:

    1. Adjective-Noun Agreement (الصفة والموصوف):

    Adjectives agree with the noun in gender, number, and definiteness.

    • Examples:
      • محمد طويل (Masculine singular)
      • عيناه بنيتان (Dual feminine)
      • قميصًا رياضيًا (Masculine singular and indefinite)
    1. Construct Phrase (الإضافة):
    • Two nouns in a possessive relationship.
      • Examples:
        • لاعب كرة قدم (Soccer player)
        • فريق ليفربول (Liverpool team)
        • طعام صحي (Healthy food)
    1. Comparative Adjectives:
    • Used to compare qualities.
      • Examples:
        • من أسرع اللاعبين (One of the fastest players)
        • من أفضل اللاعبين العرب (One of the best Arab players)
        • مكة أكبر من كيان (Makkah is older than Kayan)
    1. Fronted Predicate (المبتدأ المؤخر):
    • The predicate appears before the subject for emphasis or stylistic purposes.
      • Examples:
        • محمد صلاح ليس فقط لاعب كرة قدم رائع
        • مكة أكبر من كيان

    5. Negation (النفي):

    • The use of negation in the text with ليس.
      • Examples:
        • محمد صلاح ليس فقط لاعب كرة قدم رائع. (Mohamed Salah is not just a great soccer player.)
    1. Verb Conjugations with Patterns (الأوزان):

    1. يمارس (He practices):

    • Root: م-ر-س
    • Pattern: Form III (وزن فاعَلَ - يُفاعِلُ)
    • Meaning: Indicates mutual or intensive action.
    1. . يلبس (He wears):
    • Root: ل-ب-س
    • Pattern: Form I (وزن فَعَلَ - يَفْعَلُ)
    • Meaning: Basic and simple actions.

    Activities 1

    Query \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Query \(\PageIndex{2}\)

    Check Your Understanding 1

    • Answer the questions after reading the text, and write the answers in your notebook.
    1. ما هو اسم اللاعب في النص؟
    2. ما جنسية محمد صلاح؟
    3. في أي فريق يلعب محمد صلاح؟
    4. كم طول محمد صلاح؟
    5. كم وزن محمد صلاح؟
    6. ماذا يلبس محمد صلاح عندما يلعب في المباريات؟
    7. هل محمد صلاح متزوج؟
    8. ما اسم زوجة محمد صلاح؟
    9. ما أسماء بنات محمد صلاح؟
    10. ماذا يعمل والد محمد صلاح؟
    11. ماذا تعمل والدة محمد صلاح؟
    12. كيف يهتم محمد صلاح بصحته؟
    • Use a Venn Diagram to compare محمد صلاح with another famous athlete. In the left circle, write traits that are unique to Mohamed Salah. In the right circle, write traits unique to the other athlete. In the overlapping section, write traits that they share.
    • Write a short paragraph comparing محمد صلاح and the other athlete using the information from your Venn Diagram. Include details such as their sports, physical traits, personal life, achievements, or personality.

    Reading 2: إلهان عمر

    This text introduces Ilhan Omar, an American politician of Somali origin, who is one of the first Muslim women to serve in the U.S. Congress. It highlights her journey, personal characteristics, and achievements, providing insights into her life and the challenges she has overcome. This text is designed to help you practice reading comprehension, learn new vocabulary related to personal appearance, and understand sentence structure in Arabic.

    Ilhan Omar for Congress - Twin Cities Pride Parade 2018, Minneapolis, Minnesota
    Figure \(\PageIndex{3}\): إلهان عمر
    Ilhan Omar wears red and blue hijab, navy blue jacket, and behind her the American flag.
    Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): Paste Caption Here

    إِلهَان عُمَر هِيَ سِيَاسِيَّة أَمْرِيكِيَّة مِنْ أَصْلٍ صُومَالِيّ. هِيَ وَاحِدَة مِنْ أُولَى امْرَأَتَيْنِ مُسْلِمَتَيْنِ فِي الكُونْغْرِسِ الأَمْرِيكِيّ. وَهِيَ أَوَّلُ مُحَجَّبَةٍ فِي الكُونْغْرِسِ الأمريكيّ. لَدَيْهَا سِتْة إِخْوَةٍ وَأَخَوَاتٍ وَهِيَ أَصْغَرُ أخت منْ أَخَوَاتِهَا، وَهِيَ دَائِمًا تُحِبُّ التَّعَلُّمَ وَمُسَاعَدَةَ النَّاسِ. عَائِلَتُهَا تَسْكُنُ فِي وِلَايَةِ مِينِيسُوتَا. وَالِدُهَا يَعْمَلُ مُدَرِّسًا. إِلهَان قَصِيرَةٌ، وَشَعْرُهَا أَسْوَدُ وَقَصِيرٌ وَنَاعِمٌ. عَيْنَاهَا بُنِّيَتَانِ كَبِيرَتَانِ وَبَشَرَتُهَا سَمْرَاءُ جَمِيلَةٌ. وَجْهُهَا جَمِيلٌ وَلَدَيْهَا أَسْنَانٌ بَيْضَاءُ. تَهْتَمُّ بِمَظْهَرِهَا دَائِمًا، وَتَلْبَسُ الحِجَابَ بِأَلْوَانٍ جَمِيلَةٍ مَعَ بُلُوزَةٍ مُرَتَّبَةٍ وَتَنُّورَةٍ بَسِيطَةٍ أَوْ بَنْطَلُونٍ مُرِيحٍ. أَحْيَانًا تَرْتَدِي وِشَاحًا جَمِيلًا مَعَ الحِجَابِ. إِلهَان مُتَزَوِّجَةٌ وَزَوْجُهَا يَعْمَلُ مُسْتَشَارًا سِيَاسِيًّا. لَدَيْهَا ثَلَاثَةُ أَبْنَاءٍ. تُحِبُّ قِرَاءَةَ الكُتُبِ مَعَ أَبْنَائِهَا وَالذَّهَابَ مَعَهُمْ إِلَى الحَدِيقَةِ. إِلهَان هِيَ أَصْغَرُ عُضْوٍ فِي مَنْطِقَتِهَا فِي الكُونْغْرِسِ الأمريكي. هِيَ شَخْصِيَّةٌ مَشْهُورَةٌ فِي أَمْرِيكَا وَتَعْمَلُ بِجِدٍّ.

    Activities

    Query \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Query \(\PageIndex{1}\)

    Check Your Understanding 2

    • Answer the questions after reading the text, and write the answers in your notebook.
      1. من هي إلهان عمر؟
      2. كم عدد إخوة وأخوات إلهان عمر؟
      3. أين تسكن عائلة إلهان؟
      4. كم عدد أبناء إلهان عمر؟
      5. لماذا إلهان مشهورة في أمريكا؟
      6. صف بشرة إلهان عمر (the verb صف means to describe)
      7. ماذا يعمل والد إلهان؟
      8. ماذا تحب إلهان أن تفعل مع أبناءها؟
      9. هل إلهان طويلة أم قصيرة؟
      10. صف شعر إلهان
      11. صف وجه إلهان
      12. هل إلهان أول امرأة محجبة في الكونغرس؟
    • Do you know another personality similar to Ilhan’s story? Name and describe them.
    • Write about someone you admire. This could be a family member, a teacher, or a public figure like Ilhan Omar. Include the following details:
      • Who is this person?
      • Where are they from?
      • What do they do?
      • Describe their physical traits.
      • Mention their clothing style or any special accessories they wear.
    • Write 8–10 sentences describing your role model. Use adjectives, comparative words, and vocabulary from the Ilhan Omar text to practice your writing skills.

    4.4: Reading and Writing is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

    • Was this article helpful?