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obstipesco, -ere, obstipui	to be stupefied; be amazed; struck dumb
moderamen, -inis, n.	means of managing; rudder, helm
ministerium, -ii, n.	office, function, service; administration
increpo, -are, increpui, increpitum	to make a noise; to upbraid loudly, chide
immurmuro, -are, -avi, -atum	to murmur in, at, or against
agmen, -inis, n.	multitude (in motion), group, band, army
scilicet (adverb)	it is evident, clear, plain, manifest of course, naturally, undoubtedly ironically: of course, doubtless, forsooth
subeo, -ire, -ii, -itum	to come or go under; to take the place of
expleo, -ere, -evi, -etum	to fill up; to complete, finish
diversus, -a, -um	different, opposite, contrary, conflicting
inludo, -ere, -si, -sum	to mock, ridicule; to play at
tamquam	as if
fraus, fraudis, f.	deceit, fraud, deception; offence, crime
puppis, -is, f.	the hinder part of the ship, stern
pontus, -i, m.	the sea
aduncus, -a, -um	hooked; curved
fleo, -ere, flevi, fletum	to weep, cry, shed tears
similis, -e (with gen. or, as here, dat.)	like, resembling, similar
mereo, -ere, -ui, -itum	to deserve, merit, be entitled to; earn
fallo, -ere, fefelli, falsum	to deceive, trick, dupe, cheat

3.656–65

iamdudum flebam: lacrimas manus inpia nostras

ridet et inpellit properantibus aequora remis.

per tibi nunc ipsum (nec enim praesentior illo

est deus) adiuro, tam me tibi vera referre

quam veri maiora fide: stetit aequore puppis 660

haud aliter quam si siccum navale teneret.

illi admirantes remorum in verbere perstant

velaque deducunt geminaque ope currere temptant:

inpediunt hederae remos nexuque recurvo

serpunt et gravidis distinguunt vela corymbis. 665

Study Questions

Explain the tense of flebam.
What kind of construction is properantibus … remis (657)?
What word does the preposition per (658) govern?
What kind of ablative is illo (658)?
What is the subject accusative, what the infinitive of the indirect statement introduced by adiuro (659)?
What are the two accusative objects of referre (659)?
What kind of ablative is fide (660)?
Explain the mood of teneret (661).
On what noun does the genitive remorum (662) depend?
What is the subject of inpediunt (664), serpunt (665) and distinguunt (665)?
Stylistic Appreciation
Analyze the rhetorical design of lines 662–65, with special attention to stylistic symmetries.
Scan line 662 and explore possible links between metre and sense.
Discussion Points
What are the rhetorical strategies Acoetes employs to render the incredible truthful? Compare them to those found in other texts (such as the Bible) that are invested in portraying divine interventions in human life that defy empirical plausibility as historical facts.

3.656–65

Study Questions

Stylistic Appreciation

Discussion Points