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59. Pero vs. sino (que)

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    45887
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    Es bueno disfrutar del planeta,
    pero también es necesario cuidarlo.

    No utilicemos bolsas desechables,
    sino bolsas reutilizables.

    Podemos obtener energía,
    no solo del sol,
    sino también del viento.

    Ambas son saludables,
    pero hay que usarlas sabiamente.

    pero-sino-eco.jpg

    Enjoying the planet is good,
    but it is also necessary to take care of it.

    Let's not use disposable bags,
    but reusable ones.

    We can obtain energy,
    not only from the sun,
    but also from the wind.

    Both of them are healthy,
    but they should be used wisely.

    Las conjunciones pero y sino sirven para contraponer conceptos. La más común es pero, que introduce una idea para ampliar otra anterior. En cambio, sino se emplea generalmente para introducir una idea que contradice a la anterior. Sin embargo, en la secuencia no solo ... sino ... sirve para adicionar elementos que complementan o enriquecen a los anteriores.

    The conjunctions pero and sino can both be translated as "but" (contraposition). The most common is pero, which introduces an idea to amplify a previous one. In contrast, sino generally introduces a contradiction to what was said before ("but rather", "but on the contrary"). However, sino is also used in not only ... but (also) sequences (no solo ... sino).

    • Después de una negación, la conjunción sino introduce una afirmación que contradice o excluye lo anterior (por el contrario):
    No uses bolsas desechables, sino reutilizables.
    No vive con su familia, sino con amigos.
    No sentí envidia, sino alegría por el éxito de ella.
    No tenían hambre, sino solamente sed.
    Decidimos no salir hoy, sino quedarnos en casa.
    No estabas meditando, sino durmiendo.
    La bella durmiente no estaba muerta, sino dormida.

    • When but follows a negation and means something like "but on the contrary" or "but rather," use sino:
    Don't use disposable bags, but reusable ones.
    He doesn't live with his family, but (rather) with some friends.

    I wasn't jealous, but rather happy for her success.
    They weren't hungry, but just thirsty.
    We decided not to go out today, but on the contrary stay home.
    You weren't meditating, but rather sleeping.
    Sleeping Beauty was not dead, but just asleep.

    sino que introduce una cláusula con verbo conjugado:
    Ya no vive con su familia, sino que comparte una casa con amigos.
    No vamos a salir, sino que nos vamos a quedar en casa.
    No dije que vinieras, sino que me llamaras.
    El relativo que no se usa cuando hay otros conectores:
    No me llames cuando salgas del trabajo, sino cuando llegues a casa.
    No queremos un lugar ruidoso, sino uno donde haya tranquilidad.
    No lo hagas como él dice, sino comoquieras.

    sino que introduces a clause containing a conjugated verb:
    He doesn't live with his family anymore, but shares a house with friends.
    We're not going out, but we're going to stay home.

    I didn't tell you to come, but to just call me.
    The relative
    que is not used if there are other connectors present:
    Don't call me when you leave work, but rather when you get home.
    We don't want a noisy place, but one where there's some tranquility.
    Don't do it the way he's telling you, but any way you want.

    • Cuando la segunda idea no excluye a la primera, se usa pero:
    No vivo con mis padres, pero los visito con frecuencia.
    No es alemán, pero habla bien el idioma.
    Disfrutemos el planeta, pero también cuidémoslo.

    • When the second phrase does not exclude the first, pero is used:
    I don't live with my parents, but I do visit them frequently.

    He's not German, but he speaks the language well.
    Let's enjoy the planet, but let's also look after it.

    • La construcción no solo ... sino (que) ... sirve para adicionar ideas complementarias. Esta construcción tiene variantes:
    El sistema no solo es eficaz, sino también agradable.
    Podemos ;obtener energía, no solo del sol, sino del viento.
    Manejo automóvil no únicamente por comodidad, sino por necesidad.
    No solamente oyeron música, sino que además bailaron.
    No solo es feliz cuando se divierte, sino también cuando trabaja.
    Es feliz, no solo divirtiéndose, sino además trabajando.
    Estamos mejorando, no solo económica, sino socialmente.
    Los adverbios de la primera parte pueden ser: no solo / solamente / únicamente. La segunda parte puede incluir o excluir los adverbios también o además. Recuerde que, en una serie de adverbios, solo el último incluye la terminación -mente (§24).

    • The Spanish equivalent of not only ... but also ... is no solo ... sino (que) ... Note some optional variations of this construction.
    The system is not only efficient, but also nice.
    We can get energy, not only from the sun, but also from the wind.
    Not only did they listen to music, but they also danced.
    I drive a car not only for comfort, but also out of necessity.
    She's happy, not just when she's having fun, but also when she's at work.
    She's happy, not just when having fun, but also when working.
    We're improving, not only economically but socially as well.
    También and además can be used interchangeably for this construction, and both can be omitted. The adverbs solo, solamente and únicamente are also synonyms for the first segment. Remember that, in a series of adverbs, only the last one adds the -mente ending (§24).

    ♦ Observe que la coma generalmente se usa antes (no después) de pero o sino:
    No es alemán, pero habla bien el idioma.
    No es alemán, sino francés.
    ♦ Note that a comma is generally used before (not after) pero or sino:
    He's not German, but he speaks the language well.
    He's not German, but French (rather).

    ¡A practicar!


    Práctica 58

    Complete con pero, sino o sino que, según sea apropiado. [Ejercicio interactivo] [Diccionario]

    1. No te dije que trajeras las fotos, _______ las llevaras a la casa de Ana.
    2. Trabajar puede ser bueno para la salud, _______ prefiero dormir.
    3. No les importa que sigas estudiando, _______ escuchando música tan ruidosa.
    4. Cuba era importante para España no solo política _______ económicamente.
    5. No les gusta ir al gimnasio, _______ tienen que hacerlo por su salud.
    6. No creíamos que pudiera llegar a tiempo, _______ esperábamos con paciencia.
    7. No me baño cuando salgo, _______ cuando llego de trabajar.
    8. No es que saliera todos los días,_______ sí le gustaba salir.
    9. No es que fuera egoísta, _______ le gustaba la independencia.
    10. No dije que hubiera más, _______ menos de veinte millones de habitantes en Uruguay.

    Traducción al inglés
    1. I didn't tell you to bring the photos, but to take them to Ana's home. 2. Working can be good for your health, but I prefer to sleep. 3. They don't mind that you go on studying, but not listening to such noisy music. 4. Cuba was important for Spain, not just politically, but also economically. 5. They don't like going to the gym, but they have to because of their health. 6. We didn't believe she would be able to make it on time, but we were waiting patiently. 7. I don't take a bath when I go out, but rather when I come back from working. 8. It's not that she would go out every day, but she did like to go out. 9. It's not that he was selfish, but he rather liked independence. 10. I didn't say there were more, but rather less than twenty million inhabitants in Uruguay.
    Respuestas
    1) sino que - 2) pero - 3) sino - 4) sino (también) - 5) pero - 6) pero - 7) sino - 8) pero - 9) sino que - 10) sino



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