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- https://human.libretexts.org/Courses/Coalinga_College/Critical_Thinking%3A_Argumentative_Reading_and_Writing_(CID_ENGL105)/01%3A_Basics_of_Critical_Thinking/1.01%3A_Introduction_and_DefinitionsDefinitions and characteristics of critical thinking.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Writing_Reading_and_College_Success%3A_A_First-Year_Composition_Course_for_All_Learners_(Kashyap_and_Dyquisto)/03%3A_The_Reading-Writing_Connection/3.05%3A_InferencesThis page explains and provides practice in making inferences through observation, best likely guess, and if-then statements.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Courses/Solano_Community_College/Bad_Ideas_About_Writing/04%3A_Bad_Ideas_About_Writing_Techniques/4.03%3A_Logos_is_Synonymous_with_LogicScholars who trace the various strands of logos—spiritual and practical—in the context and texture of ancient Greek culture include Debra Hawhee and Sharon Crowley in Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporar...Scholars who trace the various strands of logos—spiritual and practical—in the context and texture of ancient Greek culture include Debra Hawhee and Sharon Crowley in Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students (Allyn and Bacon); Susan Jarratt in her foundational Rereading the Sophists: Classical Rhetoric Refigured (Southern Illinois University Press); and Jeffrey Walker, who investigates the deeper sources of logos in human communication, beneath strategy, in Rhetoric and Poetics in Antiquity …
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Philosophy/Introduction_to_Logic_and_Critical_Thinking_2e_(van_Cleave)This is an introductory textbook in logic and critical thinking. The goal of the textbook is to provide the reader with a set of tools and skills that will enable them to identify and evaluate argumen...This is an introductory textbook in logic and critical thinking. The goal of the textbook is to provide the reader with a set of tools and skills that will enable them to identify and evaluate arguments. The book is intended for an introductory course that covers both formal and informal logic. As such, it is not a formal logic textbook, but is closer to what one would find marketed as a“critical thinking textbook.”
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Philosophy/Introduction_to_History_and_Philosophy_of_Science_(Barseghyan_Overgaard_and_Rupik)/01%3A_Chapters/1.02%3A_Absolute_KnowledgeThis text explores the distinction between analytic and synthetic propositions and their implications for knowledge certainty in science. Analytic propositions, true by definition, are consistent and ...This text explores the distinction between analytic and synthetic propositions and their implications for knowledge certainty in science. Analytic propositions, true by definition, are consistent and can achieve absolute certainty. In contrast, synthetic propositions, dependent on sensory experience and observations, cannot be definitively proven due to three major issues: the reliability of sensations, the problem of induction, and the theory-ladenness of observations.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Composition/Specialized_Composition/Bad_Ideas_About_Writing_(Ball_and_Loewe)/04%3A_Bad_Ideas_About_Writing_Techniques/4.03%3A_Logos_is_Synonymous_with_LogicScholars who trace the various strands of logos—spiritual and practical—in the context and texture of ancient Greek culture include Debra Hawhee and Sharon Crowley in Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporar...Scholars who trace the various strands of logos—spiritual and practical—in the context and texture of ancient Greek culture include Debra Hawhee and Sharon Crowley in Ancient Rhetorics for Contemporary Students (Allyn and Bacon); Susan Jarratt in her foundational Rereading the Sophists: Classical Rhetoric Refigured (Southern Illinois University Press); and Jeffrey Walker, who investigates the deeper sources of logos in human communication, beneath strategy, in Rhetoric and Poetics in Antiquity …
- https://human.libretexts.org/Courses/City_College_of_San_Francisco/Writing_Reading_and_College_Success%3A_A_First-Year_Composition_Course_for_All_Learners_(Kashyap_and_Dyquisto)/03%3A_The_Reading-Writing_Connection/3.11%3A_Key_TakeawaysAnnotating while reading is the heart of the reading-writing connection because it allows you to monitor your comprehension and extend and explore the ideas in a text. Vocabulary brings together your ...Annotating while reading is the heart of the reading-writing connection because it allows you to monitor your comprehension and extend and explore the ideas in a text. Vocabulary brings together your reading and writing because reading a new word helps you learn new words, and learning new words usually helps make your writing clearer. Thinking about the choices a writer might have made while you are reading will help you become a better writer.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Philosophy/How_to_be_a_Reasonable_Person%3A_A_Short_Introduction_to_Thinking_Critically_(Payne)/04%3A_Logic/4.03%3A_SupportThis page discusses the evaluation of premises and their support for conclusions in arguments, emphasizing the distinction between truth assessment and support quality. It warns against confirmation b...This page discusses the evaluation of premises and their support for conclusions in arguments, emphasizing the distinction between truth assessment and support quality. It warns against confirmation bias and provides two examples: one with strong but not guaranteed support concerning cooking skills, and another offering guaranteed support about Boston's location. It also defines deductive validity and inductive strength as essential criteria for evaluating reasoning.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Courses/Solano_Community_College/Bad_Ideas_About_Writing/04%3A_Bad_Ideas_About_Writing_Techniques/4.02%3A_Students_Should_Learn_About_the_Logical_FallaciesContentious dialogue referred to the verbal sparring that took place in public contests between a protagonist and an antagonist, those who, in Aristotle’s words “argue as competitors and rivals to the...Contentious dialogue referred to the verbal sparring that took place in public contests between a protagonist and an antagonist, those who, in Aristotle’s words “argue as competitors and rivals to the death.” The aim of such competitions was the metaphorical death of an opponent, and there were five ways to bring about such a demise: (1) to win by refutation outright, (2) to show an opponent’s argument to be fallacious, (3) to lead the opponent into a paradox, (4) to force him into making a gra…
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Philosophy/How_to_be_a_Reasonable_Person%3A_A_Short_Introduction_to_Thinking_Critically_(Payne)/04%3A_Logic/4.05%3A_Logical_FormThis page discusses deductive validity, highlighting that it is based on logical form rather than the truth of premises or conclusions. It uses symbolic representation to illustrate valid arguments, s...This page discusses deductive validity, highlighting that it is based on logical form rather than the truth of premises or conclusions. It uses symbolic representation to illustrate valid arguments, showing that valid conclusions can arise from false premises. The "if-then" format is used to exemplify this. Additionally, it explains that identifying the validity of an argument can reveal false premises, thereby enhancing logical reasoning skills.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Composition/Specialized_Composition/Bad_Ideas_About_Writing_(Ball_and_Loewe)/04%3A_Bad_Ideas_About_Writing_Techniques/4.02%3A_Students_Should_Learn_About_the_Logical_FallaciesContentious dialogue referred to the verbal sparring that took place in public contests between a protagonist and an antagonist, those who, in Aristotle’s words “argue as competitors and rivals to the...Contentious dialogue referred to the verbal sparring that took place in public contests between a protagonist and an antagonist, those who, in Aristotle’s words “argue as competitors and rivals to the death.” The aim of such competitions was the metaphorical death of an opponent, and there were five ways to bring about such a demise: (1) to win by refutation outright, (2) to show an opponent’s argument to be fallacious, (3) to lead the opponent into a paradox, (4) to force him into making a gra…
