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- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Appreciation/Music_Appreciation_II_(Kuznetsova)/15%3A_Classical_Instrumental_and_Chamber_Music_L._Beethoven/15.01%3A_Review_of_Classical_Era_MusicHowever, the term classical music is used in a colloquial sense as a synonym for Western art music, which describes a variety of Western musical styles from the ninth century to the present, and espec...However, the term classical music is used in a colloquial sense as a synonym for Western art music, which describes a variety of Western musical styles from the ninth century to the present, and especially from the sixteenth or seventeenth to the nineteenth. It also makes use of style galant in the classical period which was drawn in opposition to the strictures of the baroque style, emphasizing light elegance in place of the baroque’s dignified seriousness and impressive grandeur.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Appreciation/Music_Appreciation_II_(Kuznetsova)/12%3A_Baroque_Instrumental_Music_A._Vivaldi/12.02%3A_ConcertoThe concerto grosso is a form of baroque music in which the musical material is passed between a small group of soloists (the concertino) and full orchestra (the ripieno or concerto grosso). The conce...The concerto grosso is a form of baroque music in which the musical material is passed between a small group of soloists (the concertino) and full orchestra (the ripieno or concerto grosso). The concerto grosso form was superseded by the solo concerto and the sinfonia concertante in the late eighteenth century, and new examples of the form did not appear for more than a century.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Appreciation/Music_Appreciation_II_(Kuznetsova)/13%3A_The_Classical_Era_Classical_Forms_and_Symphony_J._Haydn/13.01%3A_Overview_of_the_Classical_Era_of_MusicThis led to changes in the way music was performed, the most crucial of which was the move to standard instrumental groups and the reduction in the importance of the continuo—the rhythmic and harmonic...This led to changes in the way music was performed, the most crucial of which was the move to standard instrumental groups and the reduction in the importance of the continuo—the rhythmic and harmonic ground of a piece of music, typically played by a keyboard (harpsichord or organ) and potentially by several other instruments.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Appreciation/Music_Appreciation_II_(Kuznetsova)/09%3A_The_Renaissance/9.02%3A_Renaissance_MusicAs in the other arts, the music of the period was significantly influenced by the developments which define the early modern period: the rise of humanistic thought; the recovery of the literary and ar...As in the other arts, the music of the period was significantly influenced by the developments which define the early modern period: the rise of humanistic thought; the recovery of the literary and artistic heritage of ancient Greece and Rome; increased innovation and discovery; the growth of commercial enterprise; the rise of a bourgeois class; and the Protestant Reformation.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Appreciation/Music_Appreciation_II_(Kuznetsova)/07%3A_Musical_Ensembles_Attending_Concerts/7.01%3A_Chamber_MusicSome other quintets in classical music are the wind quintet, usually consisting of flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, and horn; the brass quintet, consisting of two trumpets, one french horn, a trombone,...Some other quintets in classical music are the wind quintet, usually consisting of flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon, and horn; the brass quintet, consisting of two trumpets, one french horn, a trombone, and a tuba; and the reed quintet, consisting of an oboe, a soprano clarinet, a saxophone, a bass clarinet, and a bassoon.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Education_and_Training/Do_You_Want_to_Major_in_Music%3F_(Wilson_and_Royston)/07%3A_Musical_Traditions/7.01%3A_Western_European_Music_HistoryThis page provides an overview of Western European music history, tracing its evolution from ancient times through various significant periods such as the Middle Ages, Renaissance, Baroque, Classical,...This page provides an overview of Western European music history, tracing its evolution from ancient times through various significant periods such as the Middle Ages, Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, Romantic, and Contemporary eras. It highlights key developments, stylistic features, prominent composers, and important music terms associated with each period. While focusing mainly on Western traditions, it acknowledges global influences and the decolonization of music history.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Appreciation/Music_Appreciation_II_(Kuznetsova)/03%3A_Textures_and_Forms/3.02%3A_Suggested_Listening-_Terms_That_Describe_TextureThe opening section of the “Overture” Of Handel’s Messiah (The second section of the overture is polyphonic) Polyphony is rare in contemporary popular styles, but examples of counterpoint can be found...The opening section of the “Overture” Of Handel’s Messiah (The second section of the overture is polyphonic) Polyphony is rare in contemporary popular styles, but examples of counterpoint can be found, including the refrain of the Beach Boys’ “Good Vibrations,” the second through fourth verses of Simon and Garfunkel’s “Scarborough Fair/Canticle,” the final refrain of Jason Mraz’s “I’m Yours,” and the horn counterpoint in Ghost of a Saber Tooth Tiger’s “Lavender Road.”
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Appreciation/Music_Appreciation_II_(Kuznetsova)/12%3A_Baroque_Instrumental_Music_A._Vivaldi/12.01%3A_Overview_of_Baroque_Instrumental_MusicThe middle baroque period in Italy is defined by the emergence of the cantata, oratorio, and opera during the 1630s, and a new concept of melody and harmony that elevated the status of the music to on...The middle baroque period in Italy is defined by the emergence of the cantata, oratorio, and opera during the 1630s, and a new concept of melody and harmony that elevated the status of the music to one of equality with the words, which formerly had been regarded as pre-eminent.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Appreciation/Music_Appreciation_II_(Kuznetsova)/12%3A_Baroque_Instrumental_Music_A._Vivaldi/12.03%3A_SuiteGavotte – The gavotte can be identified by a variety of features; it is in 4/4 time and always starts on the third beat of the bar, although this may sound like the first beat in some cases, as the fi...Gavotte – The gavotte can be identified by a variety of features; it is in 4/4 time and always starts on the third beat of the bar, although this may sound like the first beat in some cases, as the first and third beats are the strong beats in quadruple time. Bourrée – The bourrée is similar to the gavotte as it is in 2/2 time although it starts on the second half of the last beat of the bar, creating a different feel to the dance.
- https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Music/Music_Appreciation/Music_Appreciation_II_(Kuznetsova)/15%3A_Classical_Instrumental_and_Chamber_Music_L._Beethoven/15.04%3A_The_Classical_SonataOf the works that Haydn labeled piano sonata, divertimento, or partita in Hob XIV, seven are in two movements, thirty-five are in three, and three are in four; and there are several in three or four m...Of the works that Haydn labeled piano sonata, divertimento, or partita in Hob XIV, seven are in two movements, thirty-five are in three, and three are in four; and there are several in three or four movements whose authenticity is listed as “doubtful.” Composers such as Boccherini would publish sonatas for piano and obbligato instrument with an optional third movement—in Boccherini’s case, twenty-eight cello sonatas.
