Glossary
- Page ID
- 107827
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)| Words (or words that have the same definition) | The definition is case sensitive | (Optional) Image to display with the definition [Not displayed in Glossary, only in pop-up on pages] | (Optional) Caption for Image | (Optional) External or Internal Link | (Optional) Source for Definition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Eg. "Genetic, Hereditary, DNA ...") | (Eg. "Relating to genes or heredity") |  |
The infamous double helix | https://bio.libretexts.org/ | CC-BY-SA; Delmar Larsen |
|
Word(s) |
Definition |
Image | Caption | Link | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analysis | the breaking apart of anything into its composite parts for close examination | ||||
| Anecdote | a short, personal narrative about something specific | ||||
| Annotating | actively engaging with a text by taking notes as you read, usually by marking the text in some way (underlining, highlighting, using symbols such as asterisks) as well as by writing down brief summaries, thoughts, or questions in the margins of the page | ||||
| Argument | a claim supported with reasons | ||||
| Audience | An individual or a group to whom you are writing | ||||
| Brainstorming | generating ideas for a writing assignment by making a list of items that relate to the general paper topic | ||||
| Chronological | when referring to essay organization, details are placed in the order in which events unfold over time, from first to last | ||||
| Claim | a debatable statement that not everyone will accept | ||||
| Classification | division of a broad subject into smaller components | ||||
| Cliché | a descriptive expression that has lost its effectiveness and originality from being overused | ||||
| Clustering |
generating and organizing ideas for a writing assignment by grouping and making connections between different topics and subtopics; also called idea mapping and webbing, it allows you to visualize your ideas on paper using circles, lines, and arrows |
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| Conclusion | the main claim, assertion, or point made in an essay, not to be confused with a conclusion paragraph at the end of an essay | ||||
| Contraction | a word formed by combining two words with an apostrophe to show where one or more letters have been left out | ||||
| Counterargument | other sides of an issue that the writer disagrees with and attempts to refute; also called an antithesis | ||||
| Direct Quotation | using the exact wording from an original source and enclosing the quoted material in quotation marks | ||||
| Drafting | writing the rough draft of an essay | ||||
| Editing | correcting grammar, punctuation, spelling, and mechanics | ||||
| Ethos | the character of the writer or speaker, or more specifically, credibility;ethos is the ethical appeal evaluated in a rhetorical analysis | ||||
| Facts | statements that can be definitely proven using objective data | ||||
| Fallacies | errors or tricks of reasoning (see section 5.5 for a list of specific fallacies and their definitions) | ||||
| Freewriting | an exercise for generating ideas in which you write freely about any topic for a set amount of time | ||||
| Judgments | conclusions drawn from the given facts | ||||
| Kairos | appropriate timing for an effective argument, including both when the writer presents certain parts of her argument as well as the overall timing of the subject matter itself | ||||
| Logos | information, or more specifically, the writer’s logic and reason demonstrated through organization and supporting evidence; logos is the logical appeal evaluated in a rhetorical analysis | ||||
| Metaphor | a comparison stating that one thing is something else | ||||
| Narration | the art of storytelling | ||||
| Paraphrase | restating a fact or idea from a source using your own words and sentence structure | ||||
| Pathos | emotion, or more specifically, the writer’s appeal to the audience’s emotions to make the audience care about the message; pathos is the pathetic appeal evaluated in a rhetorical analysis | ||||
| Plagiarism | the act of misrepresenting someone else’s work as your own | ||||
| Premise | a reason supporting a conclusion | ||||
| Prewriting | deciding a topic to write about, gathering information to support or explain what you want to say about your subject, and planning how to organize your ideas in a way that effectively develops the topic | ||||
| Primary sources | sources that provide firsthand information or raw data, such as surveys, in-person interviews, historical documents, works of art, and works of literature | ||||
| Purpose | the reasons why you are doing something a particular way | ||||
| Revising | reconsidering the ideas and content of an essay as well as refining the style and structure | ||||
| Rhetoric | the art or method of communicating effectively to an audience, usually with the intention to persuade | ||||
| Rhetorical Modes | the ways we can effectively communicate through language using different styles and techniques | ||||
| Secondary Sources | sources such as biographies, literary reviews, or news articles that include some analysis or interpretation of the information presented in primary sources | ||||
| Simile | a comparison using the words like or as | ||||
| Slang | informal words that are considered nonstandard English; slang often changes with passing fads and may be used by or familiar to only a specific group of people | ||||
| Spatial | when referring to essay organization, details are presented based on their physical location | ||||
| Summary | explaining only the main ideas from a source in a few sentences or a short paragraph | ||||
| Testimony | direct quotations from either an eyewitness or an expert witness | ||||
| Theme | the message a narrative is trying to express | ||||
| Thesis | the main idea or hypothesis the writer is trying to prove in an essay; it communicates the essay’s purpose with clear and concise wording and indicates the direction and scope of the essay | ||||
| Tone | the overall attitude of a piece of writing | ||||
| Topic Sentence | a sentence at the beginning of a body paragraph that states the main idea of the paragraph and implies how that main idea connects to the thesis statement |