3.7: Sección 1 - Gramática - Expresiones impersonales con infinitivo
- Page ID
- 209720
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Condiciones 2 y 3: "Que" y cambio de sujeto
As mentioned previously, what we generally consider to be impersonal expressions require the conjunction "que" as a part of their structure, and so this condition is satisfied. However, in some cases where the second part of the sentence is applicable in general rather than to a specific subject, there is another option:
Alternate Form:
Es | + | adjective | + | infinitive |
Examples:
- Es bueno dormir 8 horas cada noche.
- Es urgente llamar a una ambulancia cuando alguien está gravemente herido.
- No es posible curar todas las enfermedades en casa.
In these cases, because there is no specific subject to either the first or the second verb, we can't really say there has been a change of subject (Condition 3). Because of this, we leave out the "que" (Condition 2), and the second verb will always be in the infinitive.
Important Note:
Recall that impersonal expressions don't have a specified subject. Because of this, any time a subject for the second verb is expressed, it is considered a change of subject and you must use "que" and conjugate the second verb, following the rules expressed in 3.13: Sección 2 - Gramática - Subjuntivo / Indicativo con expresiones impersonales.
En resumen
Clicking on the image below will bring you to a video that will review the use of subjunctive in impersonal expressions.
Videolección: El subjuntivo con expresiones impersonales
¡A practicar!
Actividad 1
Paso 1. En grupos, hagan una lista de por lo menos 5 prácticas de salud que son generalmente beneficiosas para la mayoría de personas.
- Es bueno __________________________________.
- Es importante _______________________________.
- Es necesario ________________________________.
- Es recomendable _____________________________.
- No es malo __________________________________.
Paso 2. Vivimos en un mundo en el que parece que hay excepciones a casi toda regla general. ¿Pueden pensar en algunos casos en los que las frases que escribieron en Paso 1 no se aplican? Si es así, escribe una oración indicando para quién la frase anterior no se aplica (¡no te olvides del subjuntivo cuando expresas un sujeto específico!).
Ejemplo:
- Paso 1: Es importante despertarte antes de las 7 de la mañana cada día.
- Paso 2: No es importante que alguien que trabaja hasta medianoche se despierte antes de las 7 de la mañana.