3.4.1: Gramática - Los adverbios
- Page ID
- 271052
\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)
\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
\( \newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)
\( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\)
\( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\)
\( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\)
\( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\)
\( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\)
\( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\)
\( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorA}[1]{\vec{#1}} % arrow\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorAt}[1]{\vec{\text{#1}}} % arrow\)
\( \newcommand{\vectorB}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorC}[1]{\textbf{#1}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorD}[1]{\overrightarrow{#1}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectorDt}[1]{\overrightarrow{\text{#1}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vectE}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{\mathbf {#1}}}} \)
\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \)
\( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)
\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- Recognize various types of adverbs (frequency, manner, place, quantity, time)
- Identify the placement of adverbs in a sentence
Adverbs
Adverbs are words or phrases that modifies an adjective, verb or even another adverb. They may describe when, where, and how actions are done. You learned the most common adverb in the first chapter of this textbook: bien (meaning “well”), which modifies the verb estar in the answer that everyone gives when asked ¿Cómo estás? —Estoy bien, gracias (I am well, thanks).
Below are some adverbs that may be used when talking about how or where you spend your day as well as when or how you do the activities you do. You may notice that you already learned some of these words as other categories such as prepositions. When used to modify a verb, their meaning does not change but are considered an adverb.
Adverbs of frequency
- a menudo (often)
- de vez en cuando (once in a while)
- jamás (ever, never)
- nunca (never)
- rara vez (rarely)
- siempre (always)
Adverbs of manner
- bien (well)
- mal (badly)
- mejor (better)
- peor (worse, worst)
**The next section will go over other adverbs of manner, which are derived (i.e. come from) adjectives.
Adverbs of place
- abajo (below, downstairs)
- adelante (forward, to the front)
- allá (over there)
- allí (there)
- aquí (here)
- atrás (back, backwards)
- cerca (close, near)
- debajo (under, below)
- delante (in front, at the front)
- detrás (behind, at the back)
- enfrente (in front of)
- lejos (far, far away)
Adverbs of quantity
- bastante (quite, rather)
- casi (almost)
- demasiado (too much)
- más (more)
- menos (less)
- mucho (a lot)
- poco (a little)
- tan (so, such)
Adverbs of time
- ahora (now)
- anoche (last night)
- antes (before)
- ayer (yesterday)
- después (after)
- enseguida (right away, immediately)
- hoy (today)
- luego (then)
- mañana (tomorrow)
- mientras (in the meantime, while)
- pronto (soon)
- tarde (late)
- temprano (early)
- todavía (still, even so)
*Since we have only learned to use the present tense, you'll only be using adverbs that correspond to the present time.
Adverb Placement
In Spanish, adverbs usually follow the verb they modify, especially adverbs that indicate manner or quantity.
- Araceli canta bien.
- Miguel estudia mucho.
- ¿Llegas temprano al aeropuerto?
Adverbs that modify other adverbs or adjectives are placed in front of the word they modify.
- Nayeli y Arturo escriben muy bien.
- Mis padres (My parents) nadan bastante bien.
Adverbs of frequency may go before the verb they modify, and are usually at the beginning or the end of a sentence.
- Manuel siempre cocina.
- Manuel cocina siempre.
- A veces estudio en casa.
- Estudio en casa a veces.
* Siempre will not start the sentence in front of the subject: Siempre Manuel cocina (incorrect).
Many adverbs of time or manner occur at the beginning of a sentence especially when they modify the sentence.
- Hoy caminamos a la universidad.
- Después, miramos la televisión.
- A veces, manejamos (we drive) a la universiadad.
Adverbs of time may occur in various positions.
- Mañana trabajamos a las siete.
- Trabajamos a las siete mañana.
Attributions
- Gramática - Los adverbios. Authored by: Karen Le Cornet. License: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.