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Identify and explain the tense and mood of essemus, querenda + celanda foret, and carerent (551–52)
What kind of ablative is pudore (552)?
What is the subject of capientur (553)?
Identify the seven (!) subjects (three negatives, four positives) that go with iuvant (554–56).
Explain the grammar and discuss the meaning and design of pictis intextum vestibus aurum (556).
Explain how the infinitive fateri (558) fits into the sentence. What kind of construction does it introduce?
What kind of genitive is animi (559)? On what word does it depend?
Parse venienti. How does it fit into the sentence?
Parse Penthea (561).
Stylistic Appreciation
What formal devices does Pentheus use to reinforce his mockery of Bacchus?
Looking back over the speech, analyze its overall design with particular attention to Pentheus’ (changing) interaction with his audience.
Discussion Points
In his portrayal of Bacchus, Pentheus uses several stereotypes to characterize him as strange and foreign — a technique called ‘othering’ (to make someone look different from oneself). What are these stereotypes? Do they still have currency in contemporary culture? If so, where?

Bacchus demands infraction and suspension of the norms and expectations that bind (a) society. Tabulate these as Pentheus’ speech captures them.

sors, -tis, f.	lot, fortune, destiny
queror, -ri, -stus	to regret, complain, protest
celo, -are, -avi, -atum	to conceal from view, hide
pudor, -oris, m.	feeling of shame; dishonour
inermis, -is, -e	unarmed, lacking military power
murra, -ae, f.	myrrh
crinis, -is, m.	hair
purpura, -ae, f.	shellfish yielding purple dye; purple dye; purple-dyed cloth
pingo, -ere, pinxi, pictum	to adorn with colour, paint, embroider
intexo, -ere, -ui, -tum	to weave into, embroider on
actutum (adverb)	forthwith, immediately
assumo, -ere, -psi, -ptum	to insert, add; choose for oneself, adopt here: to lay claim to (wrongly)
comminiscor, -inisci, -entus	to think up, contrive, invent, fabricate
advena, ae, m./f.	new arrival, foreigner, stranger

3.562–71

ite citi’ (famulis hoc imperat), ‘ite ducemque

attrahite huc vinctum! iussis mora segnis abesto!’

hunc avus, hunc Athamas, hunc cetera turba suorum

corripiunt dictis frustraque inhibere laborant. 565

acrior admonitu est inritaturque retenta

et crescit rabies moderaminaque ipsa nocebant:

sic ego torrentem, qua nil obstabat eunti,

lenius et modico strepitu decurrere vidi;

at quacumque trabes obstructaque saxa tenebant, 570

spumeus et fervens et ab obice saevior ibat.

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Stylistic Appreciation

Discussion Points

3.562–71

Study Questions