2.57: Lição 29
- Page ID
- 55186
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Lição 29 presents:
- the formation of irregular verbs in the present indicative,
- how to express the former, the latter, and
- new vocabulary.
After completing this lesson, the student will be able to:
- recognize and produce the remaining irregular verbs in the present indicative tense not previously learned in the book.
- express the former, the latter.
Grammar – Gramática
Irregular verb conjugations in the present indicative – Conjugações irregulares de verbos no presente do indicativo
Verbs which end in –ear must change the e to ei in the present indicative and present subjunctive tenses before adding the endings. Note that this irregularity does not appear in the first person plural. In all other tenses these verbs are regular.
RECEAR | CHATEAR | BRONZEAR-SE |
Present Indicative | Present Subjunctive | Present Indicative | Present Subjunctive | Present Indicative | Present Subjunctive |
receio | receie | chateio | chateie | me bronzeio | me bronzeie |
receia | receie | chateia | chateie | se bronzeia | se bronzeie |
receamos | receemos | chateamos | chateemos | nos bronzeamos | nos bronzeemos |
receiam | receiem | chateiam | chateiem | se bronzeiam | se bronzeiem |
Odiar, negociar, and incendiar are conjugated like –ear verbs. Note, however, the spelling of the first person plural:
ODIAR | NEGOCIAR | INCENDIAR |
Present Indicative | Present Subjunctive | Present Indicative | Present Subjunctive | Presente Indicative | Present Subjunctive |
odeio | odeie | negoceio | negoceie | incendeio | incendeie |
odeia | odeie | negoceia | negoceie | incendeia | incendeie |
odiamos | odiemos | negociamos | negociemos | incendiamos | incendiemos |
odeiam | odeiem | negoceiam | negoceiem | incendeiam | incendeiem |
Most verbs ending in –uir are irregular only in the third person singular of the present indicative tense:
CONCLUIR | DIMINUIR | INLFUIR |
concluo | diminuo | influo |
conclui | diminui | influi |
concluímos | diminuímos | influímos |
concluem | diminuem | influem |
Two of these verbs, construir and destruir are irregular in both third person singular and plural of the present indicative tense:
CONSTRUIR | DESTRUIR |
construo | destruo |
constrói | destrói |
construímos | destruímos |
constroem | destroem |
In the preterite tense, the first person singular ending of these verbs must have an acute accent: eu contribuí, eu construí.
Verbs ending in –zir are only irregular in the third person singular of the present indicative tense:
CONDUZIR | DEDUZIR | INTRODUZIR | PRODUZIR | TRADUZIR |
conduzo | deduzo | introduzo | produzo | traduzo |
conduz | deduz | introduz | produz | traduz |
conduzimos | deduzimos | introduzimos | produzimos | traduzimos |
conduzem | deduzem | introduzem | produzem | traduzem |
29.1 Practice – Prática
Query \(\PageIndex{29. 1 A. }\)
29.1 B. Mude os sujeitos e os verbos do singular para o plural, ou vice-versa, fazendo todas as modificações necessárias:
1. Receio não poder levantar-me cedo.
2. Não nos penteamos com cuidado.
3. Nós não perdoamos a falta de respeito.
4. Nós nos bronzeamos com facilidade.
5. Eu saboreio as goiabas e as mangas.
Query \(\PageIndex{29.1 C.}\)
Query \(\PageIndex{29.1 D. }\)
The former, the latter – aquele(s)/aquela(s), este(s)/esta(s)
In English, when using the former and the latter to refer to nouns, we generally mention the former first:
John and Suzanne are lawyers. |
The former (i.e. John) handles corporate cases; the latter (i.e. Suzanne), criminal cases. |
In Portuguese, the order is reversed when using these expressions. That is, we refer initially to the last name mentioned, i.e. the latter, and then to the first, i.e. the former. The demonstratives este(s)/esta(s) are used to express the latter; aquele(s)/aquela(s) are used to express the former.
Li o romance e a peça. | [I read the novel and the play.] |
Esta (i.e. a peça) eu pude compreender mas aquele (i.e. o romance) me deixou totalmente confuso. | [The latter I could understand but the former left me completely confused.] |
Convidei os meus primos e suas namoradas. | [I invited my cousins and their girlfriends.] |
Estas (i.e. suas namoradas) aceitaram o convite e aqueles (i.e. meus primos) não. | [The latter accepted the invitation and the former didn’t.] |
Vocabulary – Vocabulário
- o aparelho de barbear [electric razor]
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- o chuveiro [shower]
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- a cômoda [dresser]
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- o condicionador [conditioner]
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- descartável [disposable]
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- a escova [brush]
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- escova de cabelo [hairbrush]
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- escova de dente [toothbrush]
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- a gaveta [drawer]
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- a gilete [razor]
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- a lâmina (de barbear)[razor blade]
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- a maquiagem[makeup]
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- a pasta de dente [toothpaste]
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- o pente [comb]
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- perfumado, -a [perfumed]
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- o perfume[perfume, cologne]
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- o sabonete [toilet soap]
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- o secador de cabelo [hair dryer]
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- a toalha [towel]
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- a torneira[faucet]
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- o xampu [shampoo]
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Verbs – Verbos
- abotoar (abotôo)[to button]
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- barbear-se [to shave]
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- bronzear-se [to tan]
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- calçar [to put on (over feet or hands)]
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- cear [to have supper]
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- chatear [to annoy; bore; tease]
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- concluir [to conclude, end]
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- construir [to build, construct]
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- contribuir [to contribute]
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- deduzir [to deduce]
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- despir-se (dispo-me) [to undress]
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- destruir [to destroy]
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- ensaboar (ensabôo)[to soap]
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- enxugar[to dry (with towel)]
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- escovar [to brush]
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- espernear [to kick one’s legs]
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- incendiar [to set fire to, to burn (down), to burst into flames]
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- influir[to influence]
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- instruir [to instruct]
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- introduzir [to introduce (something, not someone)]
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- irritar [to irritate]
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- molhar[to wet]
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- negociar [to negotiate]
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- odiar [to hate]
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- pentear [to comb]
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- perdoar (perdôo)[to pardon, forgive]
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- produzir [to produce]
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- recear [to fear]
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- relaxar[to relax]
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- saborear [to savor, taste]
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- voar (voo)[to fly]
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Expressions – Expressões
- a todo o pano [hurriedly]
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- às pressas[in a hurry]
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- em dois tempos[hastily]
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- afinal de contas [after all]
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- com # minutos de atraso[# minutes late]
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29.2 Practice- Prática
29.2 A. Reescreva as orações, colocando o primeiro verbo no imperfeito e fazendo todas as modificações necessárias:
1. Querem que cheguemos antes das 8:00.
2. Duvido que isso influa na minha decisão.
3. Insistimos que eles contribuam para as despesas da casa.
4. É pena que ele não se dê conta das suas obrigações.
5. O que posso fazer para que ela me perdoe?
29.2 B. Complete as seguintes sentenças:
1. Ao me levantar, __________________________.
2. Eu me chateio facilmente quando __________________________.
3. Nunca vou perdoar que você __________________________.
4. A coisa que mais me irrita é __________________________.
5. Quando quero relaxar, __________________________.