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2.23: Lição 12

  • Page ID
    55152
    • Severino J. Albuquerque, Mary H. Schil, & Claude E. Leroy
    • UW-Madison
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    Learning Objectives – Objetivos da Lição

    Lição 12 presents:

    • the future and conditional tenses,
    • ordinal numbers,
    • use of the pronoun phrase a gente, and
    • relevant vocabulary

    After completing this lesson, the student will be able to:

    • recognize and produce verbs in future and conditional context.
    • use the adjective ordinal numbers in relevant context.
    • use the idiomatic noun phrase a gente in place of the more formal nós.

    Grammar – Gramática

    The Future Tense – O futuro do indicativo

    The following endings are attached to the infinitives of verbs of all three conjugations to form the future tense in Portuguese.

    -ei -emos
    -ão

    -AR

    estudarei estudaremos
    estudará estudarão

    -ER

    comerei comeremos
    comerá comerão

    -IR

    abrirei abriremos
    abrirá abrirão

    The conditional tense – O condicional

    The following endings are attached to infinitives of verbs of all three conjugations to form the conditional tense.

    -ia -íamos
    -ia -iam

    -AR

    estudaria estudaríamos
    estudaria estudariam

    -ER

    comeria comeríamos
    comeria comeriam

    -IR

    abriria abriríamos
    abriria abririam

    Irregular Verbs in the Future and Conditional – Os verbos irregulares no futuro e no condicional

    There are only three verbs (all ending in -ZER) which are irregular in the future and conditional tenses. These verbs have shortened stems to which the endings are attached.

    DIZER = dir + endings

    direi diremos
    dirá dirão
    diria diríamos
    diria dirão

    FAZER = far + endings

    farei faremos
    fará farão
    faria faríamos
    faria fariam

    TRAZER = trar + endings

    trarei traremos
    trará trarão
    traria traríamos
    traria trariam
    12.1 Practice – Prática

    Query \(\PageIndex{12.1 A.}\)

    Query \(\PageIndex{12.1 B.}\)

    12.1 C. Write in the future and in the conditional:

    1. ela vai
    2. nós pomos
    3. eu toco
    4. gosto de lê-lo
    5. ela se levanta
    6. eles o têm

    Placement of object and reflexive pronouns with future and conditional tenses – Colocação de pronomes com o futuro e o condicional

    Object and reflexive pronoun precede the conjugated verb:

    Eu os daria para você. [I’d give them to you.]
    Nós nos levantaremos cedo amanhã. [We’ll get up early tomorrow morning.]

    The object and reflexive pronouns can never be attached to these forms, so be sure to start sentences in the future or conditional with a subject or some other introductory word:

    Trouxe-as para você. BUT [I brought them for you.]
    Amanhã as trarei para você. [Tomorrow I will bring them for you.]
    Escrevia-lhe toda semana. BUT [I wrote to him every week.]
    Eu lhe escreveria toda semana se possível. [I would write to him every week if possible.]
    Vestem-se antes de tomar café. BUT [They get dressed before eating breakfast.]
    Eles se vestirão antes de tomar café. [They will get dressed before eating breakfast.]
    12.2 Practice – Prática

    12.2 A. Read each sentence, substituting an object pronoun for the direct object. Place the pronoun before the verb.

    José ensinará o curso.
    José o ensinará.

    1. A Camila encontrará os cheques em cima da mesa.
    2. Nós visitaremos a avó.
    3. Eu verei o filme amanhã.
    4. Eles trarão o café.
    5. Eu poria as flores aqui.
    6. Maria Alice tomaria o café.
    7. O senhor Mendes abriria a porta.
    8. Eu deixaria o gato lá fora.

    The ordinal numbers – Os números ordinais

    • primeiro, -a [first]

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    • segundo, -a [second]

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    • terceiro, -a [third]

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    • quarto, -a [fourth]

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    • quinto, -a [fifth]

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    • sexto, -a [sixth]

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    • sétimo, -a [seventh]

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    • oitavo, -a [eighth]

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    • nono, -a [ninth]

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    • décimo, -a [tenth]

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    • décimo-primeiro, décima-primeira [eleventh]

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    • décimo-segundo, décima-segunda, etc. [twelfth, etc.]

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    • vigésimo,-a [twentieth]

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    • vigésimo-primeiro, vigesima-primeira, etc. [twenty-first, etc.]

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    • trigésimo, -a [thirtieth]

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    The ordinals precede the noun they modify, and agree with it in gender and number.

    a sexta sinfonia [the sixth symphony]
    as primeiras lições [the first lessons]
    o quinto ano [the fifth year]

    Note that when using the ordinals above 10th, the number is composed of two words.

    décimo-sétimo, vigésimo-nono, etc. [seventeenth, twenty-ninth, etc.]

    Each of the two words must be made either masculine or feminine depending on the gender of the word being modified.

    a décima-segunda lição [the twelfth lesson]
    no vigésimo-terceiro dia [on the twenty-third day]

    Above décimo [tenth] it is common practice to use the cardinal numbers rather than ordinal numbers. In this case, the cardinal number follows the noun and is always in the masculine form.

    a vigésima-primeira zona eleitoral OR [the twenty-first precinct]
    a zona eleitoral (número) vinte e um
    o décimo-nono exercício OR [the nineteenth exercise]
    o exercício (número) dezenove
    na página (número) duzentos e dois [on page two hundred and two]

    Cardinals, not ordinals, are used with centuries:

    Estamos no século vinte. [We are in the twentieth century.]
    Bach nasceu no século dezessete. [Bach was born in the seventeenth century.]

    A gente

    In Portuguese (and especially in Brazilian Portuguese) it is very common to use a gente as a substitute for other subject or object pronouns (especially nós) as well as to denote an indefinite subject. Literally translating as “the people,” it is used to express “we” “one” or “those”. The context in which it is used will make clear its meaning. A gente is always conjugated as a third person singular pronoun (the você, ele, ela form).

    O que é que a gente fala no Brasil? [What do they (what does one) speak in Brazil?]
    Está chovendo. O que é que a gente vai fazer durante o dia todo? [It’s raining. What are we going to do all day?]
    A gente que não estuda, não aprende. [Those who don’t study, don’t learn.]
    Durante a aula, a gente tem que fazer muita coisa. [During class, we have to do a lot.]
    Onde foi que você viu a gente? [Where did you see us?]
    12.3 Practice – Prática

    Query \(\PageIndex{12.3 A.}\)

    Vocabulary – Vocabulário

    • a administração (de empresas) [business administration]

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    • a arquitetura [architecture]

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    • a avenida [avenue]

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    • a avó [grandmother]

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    • o avô[grandfather]

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    • a cultura [culture]

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    • o direito [Law]

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    • a engenharia [Engineering]

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    • o escritório [office]

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    • a faculdade [school (department of a university)]

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    • a história [History]

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    • imenso, -a [immense; very much (adv.)]

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    • o interesse [interest]

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    • o jornalismo [Journalism]

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    • a maioria [majority]

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    • a matemática [Mathematics]

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    • a matéria [material; subject, course]

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    • a medicina [Medicine]

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    • a pós-graduação [graduate studies]

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    • primário, -a[primary]

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    • próximo, -a [next]

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    • o século [century]

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    • secundário, -a [secondary]

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    • a sinfonia [symphony]

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    • o vestibular [college entrance exam]

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    • a vez [time, turn]

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    • uma vez [once]

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    • duas vezes[twice]

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    Verbs – Verbos

    • completar [to complete]

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    • encontrar [to find]

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    • especializar-se (em) [to major, specialize (in)]

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    • fazer (Comunicações) [to major in (Communication Arts)]

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    • fazer um curso/uma matéria [to take a course]

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    • formar-se [to graduate]

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    • herdar [to inherit]

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    • matricular-se (em)[to register, enroll (in)]

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    • melhorar[to better, improve]

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    • mencionar [to mention]

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    • passar (em)[to pass]

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    • ser reprovado (em) [to fail]

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    Expressions – Expressões

    • daqui a (três anos) [(three years) from now]

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    • de primeira mão [first hand]

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    • É mesmo! [That’s right!]

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    • De verdade [really, in fact]

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    • nessa(s) altura(s) [by then]

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    • sem dúvida [doubtlessly, without a doubt]

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    12.4 Practice – Prática

    12.4 A. Answer in Portuguese:

    1. Em que ano você começou os seus estudos universitários?
    2. Quando você se formará?
    3. Você pretende fazer estudos de pós-graduação?
    4. O que a gente pode fazer depois de completar os quatro anos de estudos universitários?
    5. Você se matriculará num curso de português no próximo semestre?
    6. Em que você está se especializando?
    7. Você já foi reprovado em algum curso?
    8. O que você gostaria de estar fazendo daqui a cinco anos?

    12.4 B. Write in Portuguese:

    1. How old will you be in the year 2030?
    2. Will you graduate in January or June?
    3. Would you like to continue studying languages?
    4. She plans to begin Law School in two years.
    5. Ricardo will inherit a lot of money from his grandfather.
    6. He will have to work during the summer.

    12.4 C. Write in Portuguese:

    1. The first month of the year is January.
    2. The third day of the week is Tuesday.
    3. I don’t know anything about 16th century music.
    4. We are on the twenty-ninth floor.
    5. This is the seventh time that I have seen this film.
    6. Varig’s office is on Fifth Avenue.


    This page titled 2.23: Lição 12 is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Severino J. Albuquerque, Mary H. Schil, & Claude E. Leroy.

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