2.5: Lição 3
- Page ID
- 55134
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Lição 3 presents:
- the demonstrative adjectives,
- some irregular verbs in the present tense,
- the verb phrase é que, and
- basic vocabulary that includes languages and other relevant words.
After completing this lesson, the student will be able to:
- recognize and describe objects using demonstrativeadjectives.
- provide more detailed responses using the demonstrative adjectives with their contractions.
Grammar- Gramática
Demonstrative Adjectives – Os adjetivos demonstrativos
In Portuguese, the demonstrative adjectives must agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. Given below are the demonstrative adjectives in all their forms:
| Masculine | Feminine | Translation | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | este | esta | [this (near speaker)] |
| esse | essa | [that (near one addressed)] | |
| aquele | aquela | [that (far away)] | |
| Plural | estes | estas | [these (near speaker)] |
| esses | essas | [those (near one addressed)] | |
| aqueles | aquelas | [those (far away)] |
Contractions of common prepositions with demonstrative adjectives – Contrações de preposições comuns e adjetivos demonstrativos
The contractions em, de, and a contract with the demonstrative adjectives as follows:
| em + este, -a, -es, -as = neste, nesta, nestes, nestas | [in these, on these, at these] |
| em + esse, -a, -es, -as = nesse, nessa, nesses, nessas | [in those, on those, at those] |
| em + aquele, -a, -es, -as = naquele, naquela, naqueles, naquelas | [in that/those (far away), on that/those (far away), at that/those (far away)] |
| de + este, -a, -es, -as = deste, desta, destes, destas | [ of this/these, from this/these] |
| de + esse, -a, -es, -as = desse, dessa, desses, dessas | [of that/those, from that/those] |
| de + aquele, -a, -es, -as = daquele, daquela, daqueles, daquelas | [of that/those (far away), from that/those (far away)] |
| a + aquele, -a, -es, -as = àquele, àquela, àqueles, àquelas | [to that/those (far away), at that/those (far away)] |
*Note: The preposition a does not combine with the demonstrative adjectives este(s), esta(s), esse(s), essa(s).
3.1 Practice – Prática
Query \(\PageIndex{3.1 A. }\)
Irregular Verbs in the Present Indicative – Verbos irregulares no presente do indicativo
There are a number of irregular verbs in the present indicative tense which do not follow the pattern for regular verb conjugation. The student must learn each person of such verbs. Some of the most common irregular verbs are conjugated below.
| CRER (em) [to believe] |
| Eu creio | Nós cremos |
| Você, ele, ela crê | Vocês, eles, elas crêem |
| DAR [to give] |
| Eu dou | Nós damos |
| Você, ele, ela dá | Vocês, eles, elas dão |
| DIZER [to say, tell] |
| Eu digo | Nós dizemos |
| Você, ele, ela diz | Vocês, eles, elas dizem |
| FAZER [to make, do] |
| Eu faço | Nós fazemos |
| Você, ele, ela faz | Vocês, eles, elas fazem |
| IR (a) [to go] |
| Eu vou | Nós vamos |
| Você, ele, ela vai | Vocês, eles, elas vão |
| LER [to read] |
| Eu leio | Nós lemos |
| Você, ele, ela lê | Vocês, eles, elas lêem |
| PASSEAR [to take a walk, to go for a stroll] |
| Eu passeio | Nós passeamos |
| Você, ele, ela passeia | Vocês, eles, elas passeiam |
*Other verbs that follow this conjugation are BARBEAR-SE, BRONZEAR-SE, CEAR, CHATEAR, ESPERNEAR, PENTEAR, RECEAR, RODEAR, and SABOREAR. These verbs are discussed further in Lição 29.
| PÔR [to place, put] |
| Eu ponho | Nós pomos |
| Você, ele, ela põe | Vocês, eles, elas põem |
| QUERER [to want, wish] |
| Eu quero | Nós queremos |
| Você, ele, ela quer | Vocês, eles, elas querem |
| SAIR (de) [to leave, go out] |
| Eu saio | Nós saímos |
| Você, ele, ela sai | Vocês, eles, elas saem |
*Other verbs that follow this conjugation include CAIR.
| SORRIR [to smile] |
| Eu sorrio | Nós sorrimos |
| Você, ele, ela sorri | Vocês, eles, elas sorriem |
*The verb RIR [to laugh] also follows this conjugation.
| SUBIR [to go up, to climb] |
| Eu subo | Nós subimos |
| Você, ele, ela sobe | Vocês, eles, elas sobem |
*Other verbs that follow this conjugation include CONSUMIR and SUMIR.
| TER [to have]; TER QUE [to have to] |
| Eu tenho | Nós temos |
| Você, ele, ela tem | Vocês, eles, elas têm |
| TRADUZIR [to translate] |
| Eu traduzo | Nós traduzimos |
| Você, ele, ela traduz | Vocês, eles, elas traduzem |
| VER [to see] |
| Eu vejo | Nós vemos |
| Você, ele, ela vê | Vocês, eles, elas vêem |
| VIR [to come] |
| Eu venho | Nós vimos |
| Você, ele, ela vem | Vocês, eles, elas vêm |
3.2 Practice – Prática
Query \(\PageIndex{3.2 A.}\)
Query \(\PageIndex{3.2 B. }\)
Query \(\PageIndex{3.2 C. }\)
The verb phrase “é que” – a frase verbal “é que”
In colloquial Portuguese, the verb phrase é que is frequently used with interrogatives in a question for emphasis. The meaning of the question is not altered in any way.
| O que é que você vê no quadro? | [What do you see on the blackboard?] |
| Onde é que você mora? | [Where do you live?] |
| Quando é que vocês vão para a praia? | [When are you going to the beach?] |
Vocabulary – Vocabulário
Languages – As línguas
- árabe [Arabic]
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- alemão [German]
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- chinês [Chinese]
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- espanhol [Spanish]
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- francês [French]
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- holandês [Dutch]
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- inglês [English]
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- italiano [Italian]
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- japonês [Japanese]
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- português[Portuguese]
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- russo [Russian]
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Additional Vocabulary – Vocabulário Adicional
- ainda [still, yet; even]
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- ali [there]
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- assim [thus, in that way, so]
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- o campo [countryside; field]
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- a carta [letter; playing card]
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- o centro[downtown]
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- a cidade [city]
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- a coisa [thing]
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- o convite [invitation]
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- difícil [difficult]
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- fácil [easy]
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- a hora [hour]
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- o jornal [newspaper]
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- a manhã [morning]
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- novamente[again, once more]
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- novo, -a[new, young]
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- outro, -a [other, another]
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- o país [country]
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- o parque[park]
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- porque [because]
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- o presente [present, gift]
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- o problema[problem]
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- o recado [message]
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- a revista [magazine]
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- tanto -a [so much]
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- o telefonema[telephone call]
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- velho, -a [old]
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- o/a vizinho, -a [neighbor]
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- a voz [voice]
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Verbs – Verbos
- abrir [to open]
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- comer [to eat]
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- compreender [to understand]
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- conhecer (conheço) [to know, meet, be acquainted with]
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- convidar (para) [to invite]
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- ensinar (a) [to teach]
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- entrar (em) [to go in, come in, enter]
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- escolher[to choose]
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- fechar [to close]
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- morar [to live, reside]
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- ouvir (ouço) [to hear, listen]
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- partir[to leave]
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- receber [to receive]
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- telefonar[to telephone]
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- trabalhar [to work]
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- viver [to live, to exist]
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Expressions- Expressões
- ainda não [not yet]
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- Como se diz …? [How do you say …?]
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- Como se escreve …? [How do you spell …?]
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- Diga-me, … [Tell me, …]
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- estar de pé [to be standing]
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- estar sentado, -a [to be sitting, seated]
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- fazer compras [to go shopping]
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- fazer perguntas [to ask questions]
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- Já está na hora [Time’s up, it’s time]
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- O que quer dizer …? [What does … mean?]
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- Puxa! [Well! What do you know?!]
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- um pouco de …[a little bit of …]
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3.3 Practice – Prática
Query \(\PageIndex{3.3 A. }\)
3.3 B. Translate.
2. near those cars
3. on that table
4. these boys’ shoes
5. We leave home early.
6. Who lives in that house?
7. Do you believe this man?
3.3 C. Answer each question with a complete sentence, using in your reply the expression found opposite it. Observe in the following example:
O que é que você fala? português
-Eu falo português.
2. O que é que você é? estudante
3. O que é que você repete? o que você diz
4. O que é que você lê? as revistas
5. Onde é que Paulo mora? naquela casa amarela
6. Onde é que a Ana faz compras? nesta cidade
7. Onde é que vocês estão? perto da praia
8. Quando é que vocês vão ao cinema? nas quartas-feiras
9. Como é que vocês traduzem isto? sem problemas
10. Quando é que Eduardo e Tânia partem? neste sábado
11. Como é que eles estão agora? bem
12. Quem é que pode abrir esta janela? Ricardo