4.13.1: Conjunctive Adverbs- Sentence Connectors versus Inserters

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Don Bissonnette
South Seattle Community College

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Conjunctive Adverbs: Sentence Connectors versus Inserters

Note these pairs of sentences. They give the same information, but their grammatical structure is different. Figure out what the difference is.

1. I ate lunch in the cafeteria. I had to pay for the meal, as a result.

1. I ate lunch in the cafeteria; as a result, I had to pay for the meal.

2. It is warm and sunny outside. Consequently, people seem happier and more relaxed.

2. It is warm and sunny outside; consequently, people seem happier and more relaxed.

3. People seem to be working harder and harder; however, they aren’t getting any richer.

3. People seem to be working harder and harder. They aren’t getting richer, however.

4. My sister lost a lot of money gambling. She lost $555, in fact.

4. My sister lost a lot of money gambling; in fact, she lost $555.

5. I was very tired; therefore, I took a nap.

5. I was very tired. I, therefore, took a nap.

6. I have to work all day long. I have to work at home in the evening, moreover.

6. I have to work all day long; moreover, I have to work at home in the evening.

7. Teachers don’t make a lot of money; on the other hand, they have a lot of time off.

7. Teachers don’t make a lot of money. On the other hand, they have a lot of time off.

8. My brother didn’t like going to school very much. I always loved school, in contrast.

8. My brother didn’t like going to school very much; in contrast, I always loved school.

9. My son doesn’t like vegetables; nevertheless, my wife always puts some on his plate.

9. My son doesn’t like vegetables. My wife, nevertheless, always puts some on his plate.

10. Going to school is fun. Furthermore, it makes you more intelligent.

10. Going to school is fun; furthermore, it makes you more intelligent.

11. You had better study; otherwise, you will fail.

11. You had better study. You will fail, otherwise.

12. John robbed a bank; hence, he was sent to prison.

12. John robbed a bank. Hence, he was sent to prison.

13. I ordered a hamburger. I got, instead, a hot dog.

13. I ordered a hamburger; instead, I got a hot dog.

14. He thought the car was expensive. Additionally, he thought it was in bad condition.

14. He thought the car was expensive; additionally, he thought it was in bad condition.

15. He said I had told him to leave. On the contrary, I had told him not to leave

15. He said I had told him to leave; on the contrary, I had told him not to leave.

16. It cost me $125 to get my car out of the impound station. It cost me $35 for a parking ticket, in addition.

16. It cost me $125 to get my car out of the impound station; in addition, it cost me $35 for a parking ticket.

17. My wife likes to cook. Likewise, my sister likes to cook.

17. My wife likes to cook; likewise, my sister likes to cook.

18. I didn’t feel like correcting the homework papers; nevertheless, I corrected them all.

18. I didn’t feel like correcting the homework papers. Nevertheless, I corrected them all.

19. She told everyone that I was too tired to go to the party. On the contrary, I felt great.

19. She told everyone I was too tired to go to the party; on the contrary, I felt great.

20. The boy was loud and very active. In contrast, his sister was quiet and very sedate.

20. The boy was loud and very active; in contrast, his sister was quiet and very sedate.

Exercise 51: Punctuate the following sentences in two ways, please.

1. I wanted to buy a new car. Unfortunately I didn’t have enough money.

2. My motorcycle ran out of gas. As a result I had to walk to a gas station.

3. My son wanted to buy a boat. Instead He bought a car.

4. Some people are very friendly. In contrast Other people are unfriendly.

5. My friend had to work overtime. Moreover He couldn’t eat lunch.

6. She wanted to buy new clothes. Accordingly She withdrew money from the bank.

7. It snowed a lot. In fact It snowed two feet.

8. He got a lot of speeding tickets. In addition He got a lot of parking tickets.

9. His father had a lot of patience. Likewise He has a lot of patience.

10. She smokes a lot. As a matter of fact She has smoked all her life.

11. He loves to play football. In contrast His brother plays golf.

12. He always got good grades in school. Hence His parents were happy.

13. She wears a lot of makeup. On the other hand Her sister rarely uses makeup.

14. She studied hard. Therefore She got a good grade.

Exercise 52: Use the following words in good sentences, please. Use correct punctuation.

1. On the other hand

2. As a result

3. However

4. Moreover

5. Therefore

6. Unfortunately

7. Likewise

8. Similarly

9. Consequently

10. Additionally

11. Instead

12. Meanwhile