8.5: Set 4, with notes

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喝渴多少斤百
3+9 3+9 3+3 3+1 4+0 5+1
hē kě duōshao jīn bǎi
drink thirsty many few a catty 100
杯酒再瓜
4+4 3+7 1+5 5+0
bēi jiǔ zài guā
cup liquor again gourd
幾塊錢見茶
3+9 3+10 8+8 6+0 4+6
几块钱见茶
2+0 3+4 5+5 4+0 3+6
jǐ kuài qián jiàn chá
how many piece; $ money see; meet tea

Notes
a) 喝 hē and 渴kě share the phonetic element 葛gě. ‘Drink’ is suggested by 口 ‘mouth’, ‘thirst’ by 氵’water’.
b) 多少is composed of the opposites ‘many’ and ‘few’; the former is made up of 夕xī ‘evening’; the latter is based on 小 xiǎo ‘small’ (from which it needs to be distinguished). For 多, reduplication suggests many.
c) 斤, was originally a drawing of an axe (now 斧 fǔ); early weights were apparently shaped like small axes, hence modern ‘catty’. For 百 ‘100’, cf. 白 ‘white; surname’.
d) 杯 apparently composed of 木 and 不 (the latter possibly originally phonetic). ‘Cups are not make out of wood.’
e) 酒 is composed of 氵and 酉 yǒu (as phonetic). ‘Liquor in a bottle with a bung; the horizontal dash in the bottom is sediment.’
f) 再’again’: ‘a plunger for setting off explosives, blowing up bridges, which have to be built again’. Contrast 在 ‘at’. 見 ‘see’ is actually the same root as the 現 of 現在, the latter originally meaning ‘cause to be seen; be manifest’, hence ‘now’.
g) 瓜, originally a drawing of a gourd on the vine (?), appears as radical in a few graphs for words associated with gourds (瓠).
h) 幾: the radical is the top left cluster of three strokes. 幾 contains 戈 gē ‘spear’ on the right, also seen in 國. The simplified graph uses 几jī ‘a stool; bench’, instead of the much more complicated 幾.
i) 塊 composed of 土, the earth radical, with 鬼 guǐ as phonetic. 錢 is composed of 钅 ‘gold’, plus the element seen in characters such as 淺. The piled up ‘spears’ (gē) on the right can be regarded as ‘weapons guarding the money’.
j) 茶, with the grass radical (on top) and a unique component on the bottom, which can be regarded as ‘a shed, where tea from bushes or trees (木) is drying’.

3.4.1 Phrases
喝什么很渴多少不多喝酒
hē shénme hěn kě duōshao bù duō hē jiǔ
不太渴一百喝茶喝咖啡一斤
bú tài kě yìbǎi hē chá hē kāfēi yì jīn
多少钱不少不喝酒两杯杯子
duōshao qián bù shǎo bù hē jiǔ liǎng bēi bēizi
西瓜木瓜三块钱再见南瓜
xīguā mùguā sān kuài qián zài jiàn nánguā

几块钱三块钱钱不多明天见几个老师
jǐ kuài qián sān kuài qián qián bù duō míngtiān jiàn jǐ ge lǎoshī
多不多一块西瓜一杯三毛非常多三百块
duō bu duō yí kuài xīguā yì bēi sān máo fēicháng duō sān bǎi kuài
三百不多西瓜好吃一斤八毛两百中国白酒
sānbǎi bù duō xīguā hǎochī yì jīn bā máo liǎng bǎi Zhōngguó báijiǔ

3.4.2 Set 3 in fántǐzì
書包別忘了非常熱你的手機別忘了非常累
shūbāo bié wàng le fēicháng rè nǐ de shǒujī bié wàng le fēicháng lèi
電話號碼說得不錯筆還在家裏日本
diànhuà hàomǎ shuō+de bú cuò bǐ hái zài jiā lǐ Rìběn
非常緊張中國西南邊東西在家裏天氣不錯
fēicháng jǐnzhāng Zhōngguó xīnán biān dōngxi zài jiā lǐ tiānqì bú cuò
兩個東西車子非常貴從昨天到明天非常餓
liang ge dongxi chezi feichang gui cong zuotian dao mingtian feichang e
已經吃飯了不過還是很餓說外國話很難
yǐjing chīfàn le búguò háishi hěn è shuō wàiguó huà hěn nán
他有個日本人的名字已經起來了，但是還沒吃飯
Tā yǒu ge Rìběn rén de míngzi. Yǐjing qǐlai le, dànshi hái méi chīfàn.

Exercise 4
东西几块钱 / 多少钱
西瓜一个四块二一斤
冬瓜一块三块五分钱一斤
南瓜一个四块八毛五一个
茶一杯五块四毛一杯
咖啡一杯一杯二十五块钱
白酒一瓶 (píng) 一百十五块钱
汉(Hàn)英字典一本二十八块钱
英汉字典一本三十二块钱
杯子一个十八块
手机一个一百二十五块钱
伞一把 (bǎ) 二十二块
笔一只 (zhī) 两块五毛钱
中文报一份 (fèn) 一块二
英文报一份六块八毛钱

Questions
1. 西瓜好吃吗？多少钱一斤？那是不是有一点贵？
2. 英文，冬瓜怎么说？好吃吗？几块钱？一斤多不多?
3. 南瓜呢，美国南瓜很多，可是中国呢，中国也有南瓜吗？南瓜贵不贵？多少钱一个？你说一个南瓜有几斤？
4. 中国人喝茶，那美国人喝什么？你现在渴不渴？想喝一点
什么？
5. 一杯茶几块钱？那，咖啡呢，一杯几块? 咖啡更贵对吗？在美国咖啡也很贵吗？茶咖啡你都喝吗？
6. 美国一块钱是中国几块？你去过中国吗？
7. 你喝过中国白酒吗？好喝吗？白酒多少钱一瓶？
8. 美国人吃饭喝不喝酒？中国人呢？
9. 汉英字典多少钱？上课没有字典难不难？那，英汉字典呢？
10. 一杯茶几块？一个杯子几块？酒杯是不是更贵？茶杯呢？
11 中国人说: “再见”，那美国人怎么说？
12 中国人说：“你渴吗？想喝一点什么？“ 美国人怎么说？
13 伞多少钱？那，伞在中国多少钱？
14 看过今天的报了吗？在这儿，报多少钱？在中国呢？你看过
什么中国报吗？

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