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2.7: Recapitulation

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    That completes our survey of the sounds and transcription of Mandarin Chinese. Already you will be able to pronounce the names of Chinese people and places considerably better than television and radio newscasters and announcers generally do. Exercise 7 reviews what you have covered in this lesson.

    Exercise 7:

    a) Write out the formula for all possible pinyin syllables; list the medials; list the finals.

    b) Place the tone marks given in the parentheses in the correct position in the syllables:

    xue (/) bei (–) sou (v) jie (\) bie (/) suo (v)

    c) List (or recite) 12 surnames, grouped by tone.

    d) Write out the table of initial consonants. How many rows are there? Which rows are particularly problematical? What sounds (and vowel symbols) can follow the row-5 initials?

    e) Pronounce the pairs on the tone indicated. Note: in this exercise, as well as in (h) below, not all syllables are actual Chinese words on the tone cited; cf. English ‘brink’ and ‘blink’, ‘bring’ and ‘bling’, but only ‘brick’ – no ‘blick’ (yet).

    i. (tone 1) qi – ci, xi – si, ji – zi, qu – cu, xu – su, ju – zu

    ii. (tone 2) zi – zhi, ci – chi, ji – zhi, xi – shi, si – shi, qi – chi

    iii. (tone 3) de – dei, ge – gei, le – lei, zhe – zhei

    iv. (tone 3) bie – bei, lie – lei, pie – pei, die – dei.

    v. (tone 1) po–pou, bo–duo, luo–lou, tuo–po, ruo–rou, mo–luo, tuo–tou

    f) Pronounce the following personal and place names:

    Zhōu Ēnlái

    (premier)

    Máo Zédōng

    (chairman)

    Jiǎng Jièshí

    (Chiang Kai-shek)

    Cáo Yǔ

    (20th C playwrite)

    Lǐ Dēnghuī

    (former Tw pres.)

    Lǐ Xiāngjūn

    (a patriotic courtesan)

    Sòng Měilíng

    (wife of Chiang)

    Wáng Zhìzhì

    (b-ball player)

    Dèng Xiǎopíng

    (post Mao leader)

    Zhū Róngjī

    (recent premier)

    Lǐ Xiǎolóng

    (Bruce Lee)

    Cáo Cāo

    (historical figure)

    Běijīng

    (capital)

    Xī’ān

    (in Shaanxi)

    Guǎngzhōu

    (Canton city)

    Zhèngzhōu

    (city in Henan)

    Sìchuān

    (province)

    Jiāngxī

    (province)

    Chóngqìng

    (city in W. China)

    Chǔxióng

    (city in Yunnan)

     

    g) Apply the tone-change rules to the following phrases:

     

    hĕn lěng

    cold

    bu gāo

    not tall

    lăobăn

    ‘boss’

    bu guì

    cheap

    lăo Lĭ

    old Lee

    yi běn

    one book

    bu hăo

    not good

    yǔsǎn

    umbrella

    bu duì

    wrong

    nĭ hăo

    hello

    bu cuò

    not bad

    yi fèn

    one copy

    h) Read the sets listed below aloud. Each set of three syllables follows the pattern ‘rising, rising, falling’, like the usual list intonation of English ‘1, 2, 3’, or ‘boats, trains, planes’; lá, wéi, jìn!

         

    lá wéi jìn!
    láo tái dù!
    sóu sí mìng!
    zí xiá qìng!
    ní zhí hòu!
    lái duó zhèn!
    fó qí cì!
    xíng cuó shì!
    móu guó shòu!
    rén béi zhà!

     

    This page titled 2.7: Recapitulation is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Julian K. Wheatley (MIT OpenCourseWare) via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform.