10.3: Spelling Rules for Adding -ing and -ed (Past Tense Ending)
- Page ID
- 287509
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Spelling Rules for Adding -ing
|
Change |
Rule |
Examples |
|
No Change |
Most verbs: Add -ing |
Read--reading Talk--talking Say--saying Want--wanting |
|
No Change |
Verbs that end in -y: Add -ing |
Study--studying Carry-carrying Play--playing |
|
Change |
Verbs that end in -e: Drop the -e and add -ing |
Wake--waking Make--making Tape--taping |
|
Change |
Verbs that end in -ie: Change the ie to y |
Die--dying Lie--lying |
|
Change |
Verbs that end in CVC (consonant, vowel, consonant), one-syllable: Double the last letter |
Stop-stopping Sit--sitting Ban-banning |
|
Change |
Verbs that end in CVC, two-syllable: If the stress is on the last syllable, double the last letter. |
Begin--beginning Refer--referring OR Listen-listening Cancel--canceling |
Table 4 -ing Spelling Rules
From Intermediate Academic Grammar for ESL Students licensed by Rebecca Al Haider under CC BY 4.0
Spelling Rules for Regular Past Tense Verbs
|
Base Form Ending |
Rule |
Example |
|
-e |
Add -d |
dance → danced, like → liked |
|
Consonant + y |
Change -y to -i and add -ed |
carry → carried, study → studied |
|
Consonant |
Add -ed |
talk → talked, jump → jumped |
|
Vowel + consonant (except y) |
Add -ed |
play → played, boil → boiled |
Chart created in ChatGPT