6.26: Sinopsis- ¡Nos vamos de fiesta!
- Page ID
- 310552
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- Los globos (balloons)
- Los dulces (candies)
- Las velas (candles)
- El pastel (cake)
- El champán (champagne)
- Los bocadillos (appetizers; sandwiches in Spain)
- Los regalos (presents, gifts)
- La invitación (invitation)
- Los invitados (guests, invited people)
- El aniversario (anniversary)
- El bautizo (baptism)
- La boda (wedding)
- La graduación (graduation)
- Los quince años (a girl’s 15th birthday celebration)
- La quinceañera (girl celebrating her 15th birthday)
- El día de tu santo / Tu santo (your saint’s day)
- El brindis (toast)
- El festejo (party/celebration)
- Los fuegos artificiales (fireworks)
- Los novios (bride and groom)
Verbos
- Besar (to kiss)
- Brindar (to make a toast)
- Casarse con (to marry, to get married to)
- Cumplir años (to have a birthday)
- Celebrar (to celebrate)
- Decorar (to decorate)
- Divertirse (to have fun)
- Escoger (to choose)
- Recoger (to pick up)
- Romper (to break)
- Terminar (to end)
- Los antepasados (ancestors)
- El Año Nuevo (New Year’s)
- Las artesanías (handicrafts)
- El carnaval (Carnival)
- La cocina (cuisine)
- La costumbre (habit, tradition, custom)
- La creencia (belief)
- El desfile (parade)
- El Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead)
- El día de Independencia (Independence Day)
- El Día de San Patricio (Saint Patrick’s Day)
- La fiesta / El día feriado (holiday)
- El folclor (folklore)
- El hábito (habit)
- La herencia cultural (cultural heritage)
- La identidad (identity)
- El Jánuca (Hanukkah)
- El legado (legacy)
- El nacionalismo (nationalism)
- La Navidad (Christmas)
- La Noche de las Brujas (Halloween)
- La ofrenda (offering / altar)
- La Pascua (Easter)
- La práctica (practice)
- El pueblo (people)
- Las relaciones (relationships)
- El valor (value)
Verbos
- Conmemorar (to commemorate)
- Disfrazarse (to wear a disguise or costume)
- Festejar (to celebrate)
- Heredar (to inherit)
- Recordar (to remember)
- Respetar (to respect)
Present Progressive (Gerund)
In Spanish, the ending of the gerund depends on the kind of verb:
- for -ar verbs: drop the “-ar” and add → -ando
- for -er and -ir verbs: drop the “-er” or “-ir” and add → -iendo
- Stem-changing -ir verbs (not -ar or -er verbs!) change their stem vowels as follows: o-u, e-i. Note: verbs that change from e-ie and e-i in the present tense both change e-i in the gerund form.
- The gerund of the verb ir is irregular: yendo
The verb "estar" is the helping verb: Yo estoy hablando y escribiendo. Mis amigos están comiendo tacos y bebiendo agua.
Direct object pronouns
"Direct Object Pronouns" are words that replace "direct object nouns" to avoid repeating a noun already mentioned. The direct object pronouns for replacing the direct object nouns are:
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| me = me | nos = us |
| te = you | os = you |
| lo = you (m.); him; it (m.) | los = you (m.); them (m.) |
| la = you (f.); her; it (f.) | las = you (f.); them (f.) |
Placement of the direct object pronouns (DOP)
What can be confusing is the place where the direct object pronoun is placed in the sentence in Spanish. Observe the differences between English and Spanish below:
| English: | Spanish: |
|---|---|
|
Subject Pronoun + Conjugated verb + DOP I study it. [Spanish] I hear them. [the boys] |
Subject Pronoun + DOP + Conjugated verb Yo lo estudio. [lo = español] Yo los escucho. [los = los chicos] |
As shown in the chart, the direct object pronoun (DOP) marked in blue, is placed before the conjugated verb in bold (but after the subject pronoun). If the sentence is negative, the negative word "no" precedes the DOP:
Subject Pronoun + DOP + Conjugated verb
Yo (no) lo estudio. [lo = español]
Yo (no) los escucho. [los = los chicos]