5.10: Gramática- Verbos con cambio de raíz (e-ie)
- Page ID
- 304537
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Verbos con cambio de raíz (e-ie)
Continuing our journey through the stem-vowel changes, we’re going to work on verbs that change from e-ie. This particular stem-vowel change might look familiar, since we just learned one of the verbs: querer. For example, Ella quiere un helado (She wants an ice cream). Incidentally, verbs with a stem-vowel change are sometimes called “verbos de bota” because in the conjugation chart, the stem-vowel change fits into a boot shape (all the forms except nosotros and vosotros).
- Recognize the correct conjugation of e-ie stem-changing verbs
Lee la conversación entre el médico y Enrique de nuevo. Luego, contesta las preguntas de análisis.
| Médico: | Hola, Enrique. ¿Cómo estás hoy? |
| Enrique: | Bien. ¿Y usted? |
| Médico: | Muy bien, gracias. ¿Cómo puedo ayudarte? |
| Enrique: | Quiero mejorar mi salud mental. Me siento perezoso todo el tiempo. |
| Médico: | Ok. ¿Tienes un pasatiempo que te gusta hacer frecuentemente? |
| Enrique: | Normalmente, me gusta andar en bicicleta. Pero estamos en invierno y no me gusta el frío. |
| Médico: | Pienso que necesitas un deporte para el invierno. ¿Te gusta la nieve? |
| Enrique: | No mucho, por eso me gustan los videojuegos durante el invierno. |
| Médico: | Te entiendo |
| Enrique: | Tristemente me gusta la comida chatarra como papas fritas y pizza. No me gustan los vegetales. |
| Médico: | Si quieres sentirte mejor, necesitas comer mejor comida. Te voy a poner en contacto con una nutricionista. ¿Qué piensas? |
| Enrique: | Ok, muchas gracias. |
| Médico: | Ok y mientras tanto, necesitas buscar un pasatiempo para hacer ejercicio. |
| Enrique: | Vale, muchas gracias, señor. |
Preguntas de análisis:
- Text only
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Preguntas de análisis:
Write down all the infinitives of the verbs with stem changes e-ie that appear in the conversation.
Which subjects need a stem vowel change in these verbs and which subjects do not need a stem vowel change?
- Recognize the correct conjugation of e-ie stem-changing verbs
With this group of verbs, the stem vowel e changes to an ie in all of the forms except the first and second person plural.
|
Comenzar (to start, to begin) |
||
| Singular | Plural | |
| 1a | comienzo | comenzamos |
| 2a | comienzas | comenzáis |
| 3a | comienza | comienzan |
Note that the nosotros and vosotros forms do not change their ‘e’ to ‘ie’, because the stress in those forms falls on the next syllable.
And remember that the stem-changing vowel does not affect the personal ending for the verb, which depends on who the subject is and whether the verb is in the -AR, -ER, or -IR conjugation group. Here’s an example of a familiar -ER verb that has the e-ie stem change:
| Querer (to want) | ||
| Singular | Plural | |
| 1a | quiero | queremos |
| 2a | quieres | queréis |
| 3a | quiere | quieren |
Venir
The verb venir means “to come”, and it has the same irregularities as tener when conjugated in the present tense. But it doesn’t have so many idiomatic uses!
venir (to come) |
||
| singular | plural | |
| 1a | yo vengo | nosotros venimos |
| 2a | tú vienes | vosotros venís |
| 3a | él viene ella viene usted viene | ellos vienen ellas vienen ustedes vienen |
- Ellos vienen a la universidad todos los días. (They come to the university every day.)
- ¿A qué hora vienes a la clase de español? (At what time do you come to Spanish class?)
- Cerrar (to close)
- Comenzar (to start, to begin)
- Empezar (to start, to begin)
- Entender (to understand)
- Pensar (to think)
- Preferir (to prefer)
- Perder (to lose)
- Querer (to want)
- Sentir (to feel)
- Tener (to have) (yo tengo, tú tienes…)
- Venir (to come) (yo vengo, tú vienes…)
Práctica
Contributors and Attributions
- En contexto: Verbos con cambio de raíz (e-ie). Authored by: SUNY Oneonta with Lumen Learning. Provided by: SUNY Oneonta. License: CC BY: Attribution
- Gramática: Verbos con cambio de raíz (e-ie). Authored by: SUNY Oneonta with Lumen Learning. Provided by: SUNY Oneonta. License: CC BY: Attribution