15: The New Millennium (2000 - 2020)
- Page ID
- 308385
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)- 15.1: Overview
- The beginning of the twenty-first century introduced dramatic cultural, political, environmental, and technological changes that profoundly influenced contemporary art around the world. Events such as September 11, 2001, the Indian Ocean tsunami, Hurricane Katrina, the Iraq War, the election of the first African American president in the United States, debates over gender identity and same-sex marriage, and the increasing visibility of global social justice movements all shaped artistic expressi
- 15.2: Installation and Sculpture
- With the globalization of art and the increasing exchange of ideas across cultures, public art has expanded far beyond traditional paintings displayed on walls or statues placed in public squares. Contemporary artists now create large-scale art installations, immersive environments, and experimental sculptures that transform entire rooms, buildings, parks, and urban spaces into artistic experiences.
- 15.3: Architecture for the 21st Century
- The invention of CAD (Computer-Aided Design) in 1961 transformed the field of architecture by dramatically changing how architects design, visualize, and construct buildings. Before CAD technology, architects created plans entirely by hand using drafting tools, a process that required significant time and precision. CAD programs introduced a faster, more accurate, and more affordable method for producing architectural drawings and structural plans.
- 15.4: Digital Art
- Digital art is artwork created or presented using digital technology as an essential part of the artistic process. Over time, digital art has been called by several names, but today it is commonly referred to as new media art. The development of computers, software, and electronic technologies has transformed traditional artistic practices such as painting, drawing, sculpture, photography, and installation art.
- 15.5: Contemporary Figurative
- During much of the twentieth century, figurative art was often overshadowed by the rapid development of abstract movements such as Cubism, Abstract Expressionism, Minimalism, and other forms of nonrepresentational art. Many artists focused on experimentation with color, shape, geometry, and conceptual ideas rather than realistic depictions of people or recognizable subjects. As modern art evolved, abstraction became one of the dominant directions in the art world.
- 15.6: Conclusion and Contrast
- Contemporary installation and sculptural artists use a wide variety of materials to create immersive environments that engage viewers physically and emotionally. Yayoi Kusama uses mirrors, lights, painted surfaces, and found objects covered in her signature polka dots to transform ordinary spaces into endless visual experiences. Dale Chihuly creates large glass sculptures supported by metal frameworks and enhanced by carefully designed lighting systems.
The new millennium of the 21st century brought cultural issues to the forefront, starting with 9/11, the Indian Ocean tsunami, Hurricane Katrina, Google becoming a public company, the Iraq war, the first African American president, gender issues, same-sex marriage, and a more liberal pope. Art in the new millennium is as varied as society, and art explores public policy and cultural changes around the world as art lost geographic boundaries. Art becomes an inquiry about life, a discussion about equal rights, and support for artistic freedom. Our contemporary world requires the artist to be creative, break cultural boundaries, and inspire new ways to depict liberty for all people. They must acknowledge global warming and produce sustainable environmental art, and reaffirm that we are all the same inside.
Digital images and the proliferation of art on the internet heavily influence art. New materials are available, and artists now combine traditional crafts and forms with new concepts based on local cultures that have morphed into more global cultures. Now interconnected through mass media, the patterns of an African blanket or a flower in Mexico manifest themselves in a Parisian fashion show. Globalization is not only an economic force, but it is also a force that is expanding the market for artists beyond their local borders, spreading their potential designs worldwide.
The emergence of women artists began in the late 19th century, but during the 20th century, more women artists became known and acknowledged as artists. Women are half the population of the world, yet less than five percent of the artists in art museums are women. There was a famous poster from 1989 asked, "Do women have to be naked to get into the Met. Museum?" as eighty-five percent of the nudes in the Metropolitan Museum of Modern Art are women. New movements in art and modern ideas are bringing forth opportunities for women in today's art world.
Girls actress Jemima Kirke (known as Jessa Johansson in the HBO series) addresses the topic of women in art (or the lack them). She looks at the changing role of female artists in a male dominated art world over the centuries - and how some of them eventually took on the establishment in the 1970s.
Chapter 15, The New Millennium (2000 -) looks at the impact and change of a global world on art, no longer a local enterprise. Interconnection, through the technology of the internet, allows art and architecture to be viewed by all. Artists work with new technologies, changing the concepts and dimensions of how art or a structure appears.