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7.2: Pronunciation

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    Focus I: Pronouncing ed-endings in Past Tense Verbs

     

     

    Note: This recording includes Focus I and Practice I.

    Rule 1:  When a regular verb ends in a t or d sound, pronounce ed (/id/) as another syllable.

    Example: visit - visited          invite – invited           board - boarded           decide - decided  

    Rule 2:  When a regular verb ends in a f, k, p, s, sh, or ch sound, pronounce ed as /t/.

    Example: look - looked           shop - shopped           laugh - laughed           watch - watched

    Rule 3:  When a regular verb ends in any other consonant sound or a vowel, pronounce ed as /d/. 

    Example: change – changed           travel – traveled           learn–learned           stay–stayed

    Practice I 

    Directions:  Listen to each past tense verb and decide if it ends in an extra syllable /id/, t or d sound. Choose the correct ending sound.

    Example: rushed - The answer is /t/ because rushed ends in a /t/ sound.

    Now we will begin:

       extra syllable /id/   /t/ sound      /d/ sound

    1.   ________            ________        ________

    2.   ________            ________        ________

    3.   ________            ________        ________

    4.   ________            ________        ________

    5.   ________            ________        ________

    6.   ________            ________        ________

    7.  ________             ________        ________

    8.  ________             ________        ________

    9.  ________             ________        ________

    10. ________             ________        ________

    Partner Activity  

    Directions:  Find a partner. Choose sentence (a) or (b) from each pair of sentences below. Read the chosen sentence. Your partner will listen and guess if it is (a) or (b). Focus on the ending sounds of the verbs.

    1. (a)  We shop on Saturdays.          (b)  We shopped on Saturdays.
    2. (a)  Santiago laughs really loud.          (b)  Santiago laughed really loud.
    3. (a)  They change their clothes.         (b)  They changed their clothes.
    4. (a)  Mei boards the airplane.         (b)  Mei boarded the airplane.
    5. (a)  She visits the Statue of Liberty.          (b)  She visited the Statue of Liberty.
    6. (a)  Mei and I look for a red blouse at Macy’s.         (b)  Mei and I looked for a red blouse at Macy’s.
    7. (a)  We stay in hotels.          (b)  We stayed in hotels.
    8. (a)  Juan invites me out to dinner.          (b)  Juan invited me out to dinner.
    9. (a)  We walk around the city.          (b)  We walked around the city.
    10. (a)  He learns Spanish at Evergreen Valley College.          (b)  He learned Spanish at Evergreen Valley College.

    Focus II: Pronunciation of es-endings in Simple Present Verbs 

     

     

    Note: This recording includes Focus II and Practice II.

    When the subject he, she, or it has a regular verb that ends in z, s, x, sh, or ch sound, add -es pronounced as /iz/. The verb will have an extra syllable. 

    Example:  wash – washes           guess - guesses          mix – mixes          catch - catches

    Practice II  

    Directions:  You will hear two words. Decide if the second word ends in an extra syllable. Choose yes or no.

    Example:  watch     watches - The answer is yes because watches has an extra syllable, /iz/.

    Now we will begin:

             yes                  no                     Write the words you hear

    1. __________        __________        ____________________
    2. __________        __________        ____________________       
    3. __________        __________        ____________________    
    4. __________        __________        ____________________ 
    5. __________        __________        ____________________
    6. __________        __________        ____________________
    7. __________        __________        ____________________
    8. __________        __________        ____________________
    9. __________        __________        ____________________
    10. __________        __________        ____________________

    Partner Activity: Practice Endings ed and es in a Sentence 

    Directions: Find a partner. Write ten sentences with verbs that end in ed or es. Take turns reading the sentences.

    Example:  (a)  He decided not to study.       (b)  He guesses on all the tests.

    1. _____________________________________________________
    2. _____________________________________________________
    3. _____________________________________________________
    4. _____________________________________________________
    5. _____________________________________________________
    6. _____________________________________________________
    7. _____________________________________________________
    8. _____________________________________________________
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    10. _____________________________________________________

    This page titled 7.2: Pronunciation is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Maria Antonini de Pino, Erika Bourne Lawson, Huong Pham, Rebecca Kallen Reddy, Kelly N. Nguyễn-Jardin, Pradeep Reddy, Richard Lawson, and Adam Bloom (Open Educational Resource Initiative at Evergreen Valley College) .