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1.5.1: Key Terms

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    The following terms are essential words and phrases to help you grasp important concepts and events presented in this chapter.

    Beringia
    an ancient land bridge linking Asia and North America
    Black Death
    two strains of the bubonic plague that simultaneously swept western Europe in the fourteenth century, causing the death of nearly half the population
    chasquis
    Incan relay runners used to send messages over great distances
    chattel slavery
    a system of servitude in which people are treated as personal property to be bought and sold
    chinampas
    floating Aztec gardens consisting of a large barge woven from reeds, filled with dirt and floating on the water, allowing for irrigation
    Crusades
    a series of military expeditions made by Christian Europeans to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims in the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth centuries
    feudal society
    a social arrangement in which serfs and knights provided labor and military service to noble lords, receiving protection and land use in return
    Inquisition
    a campaign by the Catholic Church to root out heresy, especially among converted Jews and Muslims
    Koran
    the sacred book of Islam, written by the prophet Muhammad in the seventh century
    matriarchy
    a society in which women have political power
    mita
    the Incan labor tax, with each family donating time and work to communal projects
    polygyny
    the practice of taking more than one wife
    quipu
    an ancient Incan device for recording information, consisting of variously colored threads knotted in different ways
    Reconquista
    Spain’s nearly eight-hundred-year holy war against Islam, which ended in 1492
    serf
    a peasant tied to the land and its lord

    1.5.1: Key Terms is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts.

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