4.5.0: Gramática
- Page ID
- 282983
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Have a look at the following tables. What do you notice about the verbs tener and decir? What happens for each of the different subjects?
|
Poner (to put) |
Hacer (to do/make) |
Traer (to bring) |
Salir (to get out/to go out) |
Dar (to give) |
|
| yo | pongo | hago | traigo | salgo | doy |
| tú | pones | haces | traes | sales | das |
| vos | ponés | hacés | traés | salís | das |
| usted/Ud./ él/ella | pone | hace | trae | sale | da |
| nosotros/nosotras | ponemos | hacemos | traemos | salimos | damos |
| vosotros/vosotras | ponéis | hacéis | traéis | salís | dais |
| ustedes/Uds./ellos/ellas | ponen | hacen | traen | salen | dan |
There are some verbs that are irregular in other subjects. This verb has a stem-change of e –> i. What do you notice about its conjugation? Which subjects have conjugation irregularities?
|
Decir (to tell, to say) |
|
|---|---|
| yo | digo |
| tú | dices |
| vos | decís |
| usted/Ud./ él/ella | dice |
| nosotros/nosotras | decimos |
| vosotros/vosotras | decís |
| ustedes/Uds./ellos/ellas | dicen |
These verbs have a stem-change of e –> ie. What do you notice about their conjugation? Which subjects have conjugation irregularities?
|
Tener (to have) |
Venir (to come) |
|
|---|---|---|
| yo | tengo | vengo |
| tú | tienes | vienes |
| vos | tenés | venís |
| usted/Ud./ él/ella | tiene | viene |
| nosotros/nosotras | tenemos | venimos |
| vosotros/vosotras | tenéis | venís |
| ustedes/Uds./ellos/ellas | tienen | vienen |
Ahora mira este video. It offers a summary of the ways in which we conjugate these verbs, and others that behave in a similar way.
Attribution: By Daniel Hernández Ruiz, licensed under CC BY 4.0.