1.5.0: Gramática
- Page ID
- 280863
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Hay y los números del 0 - 30
Have you discovered what hay means and how we use it in Spanish? We use hay followed by a number to express the existence of people, animals, things, and places. It is equivalent to "there is/there are" in English, but hay is used on its own in Spanish: It is not followed by any other verb (as you can see in the examples we have just seen).
Hay is equivalent to "there is / there are" in English.
Let’s see how we ask questions using hay. It’s very easy.
Modelo:
¿Hay tres equipos profesionales en Kansas? Sí, hay tres (3) equipos.
¿Cuántas flores (flowers) oficiales hay en Kansas? Hay una (1).
If we want to use hay in a negative sentence, simply say no hay (e.g., No hay jirafas en Kansas.)
Los números del 0 al 30
Listen to the audio as you follow along.
Listen multiple times and try to pronounce the numbers along with the speaker.
| Los números 0-30 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | cero | ||||
| 1 | uno | 11 | once | 21 | veintiuno |
| 2 | dos | 12 | doce | 22 | veintidós |
| 3 | tres | 13 | trece | 23 | veintitrés |
| 4 | cuatro | 14 | catorce | 24 | veinticuatro |
| 5 | cinco | 15 | quince | 25 | veinticinco |
| 6 | seis | 16 | dieciséis | 26 | veintiséis |
| 7 | siete | 17 | diecisiete | 27 | veintisiete |
| 8 | ocho | 18 | dieciocho | 28 | veintiocho |
| 9 | nueve | 19 | diecinueve | 29 | veintinueve |
| 10 | diez | 20 | veinte | 30 | treinta |
The number one has several forms in Spanish. When we are counting, we use the form uno (e.g., uno, dos, tres…). The forms una and un are used before nouns (e.g., una profesora, un profesor). How do you know which form to use? It will depend on the gender of the noun (feminine or masculine). We will talk about this in more detail in future lessons.
Another interesting number is twenty-one. It works like the number one. When we are counting, we say veintiuno. But we use veintiún before masculine nouns (e.g., veintiún profesores) and veintiuna before feminine nouns (e.g., veintiuna profesoras).
More practice:
Numbers 1-10
Numbers 11-20
Use this chat mat as you converse with others:
Works Cited:
LanguagesOnlineNow. “20 Tortugas Spanish Numbers 11 - 20.” YouTube, 9 Dec. 2011, www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohx0-3q5JF8. Accessed 13 Oct. 2020.
Learn Spanish Through Music. “Spanish Numbers Song La Canción de Los Números Contar Del 1 al 10.” YouTube, 7 June 2015, www.youtube.com/watch?v=SgXoVMzKW9Y&feature=youtu.be. Accessed 13 Oct. 2020.