4: Intellectual Virtues and Vices
Michael Fitzpatrick contributed quite a bit to this chapter, so Chapter 4 should be seen as a collaboration between Lavin and Fitzpatrick.
Note for Instructors
Starting in edition 4, Chapter 4 on fallacies has been renamed and somewhat rewritten into a chapter on "Intellectual Virtues and Vices," incorporating material from the conclusion and the previous version of the chapter. Thinking about the traditional fallacies under a model of virtue epistemology seemed more in line with the values of this textbook, but they can still be taught as traditional fallacies if that is your preference.
The most significant change is that the "Fallacies of Induction," which was 4.3, have all been moved to the new 8.5, forming part of the chapter on inductive reasoning. This allows those fallacies to be taught in the context in which they are mistakes in reasoning, as teaching fallacies in the context of their positive counterparts seems more pedagogically useful.
Also, the fallacy of equivocation has been moved to 2.2 "Fallacy of Equivocation" , since it is most naturally taught alongside the discussion of the role of language in critical thinking.
All the other fallacies (Relevance and Presumption) remain here, described as intellectual vices.