3.6: Matumizi ya Lugha

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SARUFI: KIONYESHI NDI-

Sarufi hii inaonyesha kwa nguvu kuliko vionyeshi vya h-, yaani huyu, hawa, huu, hii, n.k.
huyu ni msichana this is a girl
hawa ni wasichana these are girls

ndiye msichana this is the girl
ndio wasichana these are the girls
Tafsiri nyingine ni ‘these are indeed (the) girls’.

* Vionyeshi hivi vinatumika pamoja pia, k.m. huyu ndiye msichana, ‘this (indeed) is the/a girl’.

Mifano ya kukanusha:
siye msichana this isn’t the girl
siyo mti these aren’t the trees

Zoezi la kwanza. WAKATI ULIOPO: NGELI ZOTE.
Tunga sentensi kama unavyoona katika mfano.

* mama yangu
–> huyu ndiye mama yangu

1          binti yetu
2          walevi wa Namagondo
3          mji wa Zakaria
4          miji ya Ukerewe
5          wazo lake
6          maduka ya Mhindi
7          kitanda cha Zakaria
8          viatu vyake
9          mimba ya Regina
10        shida zangu
11        uzi wa katani
12        katoto ka Regina
13        tutoto twa Nansio
14        uzazi wa Bigeyo
15        kushinda kwake
16        mahali petu
17        Usukumani
18        chumbani mwake

[Example translated: * my mother –> THIS (indeed) is my mother.]

Zoezi la pili. KIONYESHI NDI-, VIREJESHI.
Tafsiri. Tumia Kionyeshi NDI- kwa kila neno lililopigiwa mstari.

1          This is the writer of Rosa Mistika — don’t forget he’s called E.Kezilahabi.
2          Is this the man who beats his wife?
3          This is Rosa’s life.
4          These are the cows that were sold.
5          This is the cassava that will be sold tomorrow.
6          These are the girls who will help me.
7          This is the money for (=of) the beer.

Zoezi la tatu. KIONYESHI NDI-; WAKATI ULIOPITA, WAKATI UJAO.

Badili sentensi za zoezi la pili katika wakati uliopita na wakati ujao.
1          Huyu ndiye aliyekuwa mwandishi wa Rosa Mistika …
            THIS was the writer of Rosa Mistika….
1          Huyu ndiye atakayekuwa mwandishi wa Rosa Mistika….
            THIS will be the writer of Rosa Mistika…..

Zoezi la nne. TAFSIRI MIFANO KUTOKA RIWAYA. (ZOEZI GUMU.)
1          Huyu ndiye alikuwa Stella; kipenzi cha baba yake. (Uk. 10)
2          [..] Charles alijulishwa kwa Rosa na Rosa alijulishwa kwake. Ndipo
walipofahamu kwamba watakuwa wakisoma shule moja na darasa
moja. (Uk. 12.)
3          Hivyo ndivyo Rosa alivyolelewa; hivyo ndivyo alivyotunzwa; hivyo
ndivyo alivyochungwa na babake. (Uk. 14)
4          Mwishowe Charles alitambua kwamba siku zake za kukaa pale
zilikuwa zikikata kamba, ndipo alipopata ujasiri wa kuweza kuandika
barua hiyo. (Uk. 13).
5          Hapo ndipo Regina humwambia: “Wasichana wa siku hizi wanatoa
mimba [..].” (Uk. 25)
6          Hivyo ndivyo wasichana wa siku hizi wanavyojitahidi kuua watoto.
(Uk. 25)