3.13: Dimostrativi
- Page ID
- 289004
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Questo (this) and quello (that) are special adjectives used to identify the relative position of a noun in time or space.
Questo (this) indicates things that are close to the speaker. It has four forms:
| singolare | plurale | |
| maschile | questo | questi |
| femminile | questa | queste |
Questo can be shortened to quest’ when used before a singular noun or adjective beginning with a vowel:
Non mi piace questo vestito. I don’t like this dress. Mi piace quest’altro vestito. I like this other dress.
NOTE: in some common cases, questo is contracted and combined with the noun:
stamattina (or stamani) = questa mattina (this morning)
stasera = questa sera (this evening, tonight—before midnight)
stanotte = questa notte (tonight, last night)
stavolta = questa volta (this time)
Quello (that) indicates things that are distant from the speaker. When placed before a noun, quello follows the same pattern as the definite article.
| singolare | plurale | ||
| maschile | quel | quei | before most consonants (quel ragazzo – quei ragazzi) |
| quello | quegli | before “s+consonant” or “z” (quello studente – quegli studenti) | |
| quell' | quegli | before a vowel (quell’amico – quegli amici) | |
| femminile | quella | quelle | before a consonant (quella studentessa – quelle studentesse) |
| quell' | quelle | before a vowel (quell’amica – quelle amiche) |
Pronomi dimostrativi
Just like the English this (these) and that (those), questo and quello can be used as pronouns to point something out. They have four forms:
| singolare | plurale | singolare | plurale | |
| maschile | questo | questi | quello | quelli |
| femminile | questa | queste | quella | quelle |
Questa è mia sorella e quella è mia cugina. This is my sister and that is my cousin. – Sono quelli i tuoi occhiali? – No, sono questi. – Are those your glasses? – No, these are. Questo (= questa cosa) è molto grave. This (thing, matter) is very serious. Ho paura di quello (= quella cosa). I am afraid of that.
Key Points
1. Quello followed by di is used to indicate possession. The English equivalents are that (those) of, the one(s) of, and the possessive ’s:
Non puoi usare la mia macchina, ma puoi usare quella di Lucia. You can’t use my car, but you can use Lucia’s (= that of Lucia).
2. Quello can be followed by an adjective (or a modifying phrase consisting of a preposition and its object). In this case the English equivalent is the one(s):
Non mi piace il formaggio stagionato. Preferisco quello fresco. I don’t like aged cheese. I prefer the fresh one. - In quale negozio lo compri? – In quello nel Corso. - In which store do you buy it? – In the one on Man Street.
3. Quello can be followed by a relative pronoun. In this case the English equivalents are the one(s) that, the one(s) who(m):
Mi hanno regalato un libro ma non è quelle che volevo. They gave me a book, but it’s not the one (that) I wanted. – Con quali amici sei uscita? – Con quelli che studiano italiano. – With which friends did you go out? – With the ones who study Italian.