5.5.1.4: Conversational past of irregular verbs with haben
- Page ID
- 108124
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)Verbs:Das Perfekt - Unregelmäßige Verben mit Haben
The participle forms of verbs can be used to build the conversational past, the past perfect and the subjunctive mood. They can also be used as adjectives. The conversational past is used just like the English simple past.
| die alte Hexe | Mist! Ich habe wieder die kleinen Kinder getroffen! | Darn! I met the two kids again! |
| die böse Königin | Haben sie geschrien, als sie dich gesehen haben? | Did they scream when they saw you? |
| die alte Hexe | Nein! Sie haben Lebkuchen gegessen! In meinen schönsten Träumen habe ich sie gebraten und gefressen! Mit etwas Butter und Salz. | No, they were eating gingerbread! In my sweetest dreams I fried them and gobbled them up. With a bit of butter and salt. |
| die böse Königin | Ich kann dich gut verstehen! In meinen Träumen hat Schneewittchen mehrmals in den Apfel gebissen! Aber stattdessen muss ich sie jeden Tag sehen ... Bru-huh-huh-huh | I can totally relate! In my dreams Snow White bit into the apple several times! But instead I have to see her every day ... sob-sob-sob |
Irregular verbs form the participle by completely remodeling the infinitive form of the verb, and sadly – unlike regular verbs – there is no rule or guide as to how to form the irregular participles (hence the name "irregular"). You simply need to memorize irregular verbs; the only similarity is the ge- prefix and the -en suffix:
| 1) take the infinitive | treffen (meet) | ||
| 2) remove the | -en | suffix | treff |
| 3) change stem vowel (as necessary) | troff | ||
| 4) add | ge- | prefix | getroff |
| 5) replace | -en | suffix | getroffen |
Irregular verbs that (can) have a direct object OR that do not denote an action that results in a change of state or being use haben as the auxiliary verb to form the conversational past.
Here are some key participle forms you will need to memorize:
| backen (bake) | => | hat gebacken |
| beißen (bite) | => | hat gebissen |
| bieten (offer) | => | hat geboten |
| bitten (ask, implore) | => | hat gebeten |
| braten (fry, roast) | => | hat gebraten |
| brechen (break) | => | hat gebrochen (this verb can be used with sein as well) |
| essen (eat) | => | hat gegessen |
| fangen (catch) | => | hat gefangen |
| finden (find) | => | hat gefunden |
| fressen (eat, like an animal) | => | hat gefressen |
| geben (give) | => | hat gegeben |
| gießen (pour/water) | => | hat gegossen |
| gleichen (resemble) | => | hat geglichen |
| graben (dig) | => | hat gegraben |
| greifen (grab/grasp) | => | hat gegriffen |
| heißen (be called) | => | hat geheißen |
| helfen (help) | => | hat geholfen |
| lassen (let) | => | hat gelassen |
| leiden (suffer) | => | hat gelitten |
| lesen (read) | => | hat gelesen |
| liegen (lie) | => | hat gelegen |
| lügen (tell lies) | => | hat gelogen |
| nehmen (take) | => | hat genommen |
| raten (advise, guess) | => | hat geraten |
| rufen (call) | => | hat gerufen |
| scheinen (appear, shine) | => | hat geschienen |
| schießen (shoot) | => | hat geschossen |
| schlafen (sleep) | => | hat geschlafen |
| schlagen (hit) | => | hat geschlagen |
| schließen (close) | => | hat geschlossen |
| schmeißen (throw, toss) | => | hat geschmissen |
| schneiden (cut) | => | hat geschnitten |
| schreiben (write) | => | hat geschrieben |
| schreien (scream) | => | hat geschrien |
| schweigen (keep quiet) | => | hat geschwiegen |
| schwimmen (swim) | => | ist geschwommen |
| schwören (swear) | => | hat geschworen |
| sehen (see) | => | hat gesehen |
| singen (sing) | => | hat gesungen |
| sitzen (sit) | => | hat gesessen (Bavaria: ist gesessen) |
| sprechen (speak) | => | hat gesprochen |
| stechen (stick, prick, sting) | => | hat gestochen |
| stehen (stand) | => | hat gestanden (Bavaria: ist gestanden) |
| stehlen (steal) | => | hat gestohlen |
| stinken (stink) | => | hat gestunken |
| streiten (fight, argue) | => | hat gestritten |
| tragen (carry, wear) | => | hat getragen |
| treffen (meet) | => | hat getroffen |
| treten (step, walk, kick) | => | hat getreten |
| trinken (drink) | => | hat getrunken |
| tun (do, make) | => | hat getan |
| verschwinden (disappear) | => | ist verschwunden |
| waschen (wash) | => | hat gewaschen |
| werfen (throw) | => | hat geworfen |
| ziehen (pull, move) | => | hat gezogen |
| zwingen (force, compel) | => | hat gezwungen |