2.5: Le calendrier
- Page ID
- 107965
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)In this section, you will learn how to:
- Talk about the days of the week
- Talk about calendar dates
Listen to the audio clips that follow on this page to hear the French pronunciation of vocabulary and examples presented.
On étudie !
| lundi | mardi | mercredi | jeudi | vendredi | samedi | dimanche |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
| 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
| 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 |
| 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 |
Les jours et les mois
| Français | Anglais |
|---|---|
| lundi | Monday |
| mardi | Tuesday |
| mercredi | Wednesday |
| jeudi | Thursday |
| vendredi | Friday |
| samedi | Saturday |
| dimanche | Sunday |
Watch this video to practice pronouncing the days of the week: les jours de la semaine.
Explore jour expressions too.
| Français | Anglais |
|---|---|
| janvier | January |
| février | February |
| mars | March |
| avril | April |
| mai | May |
| juin | June |
| juillet | July |
| août | August |
| septembre | September |
| octobre | October |
| novembre | November |
| décembre | December |
Watch this video to practice pronouncing and spelling the months of the year: les mois de l'année.
Talking about the days of the week:
| Français | Anglais |
|---|---|
| Quel jour sommes-nous ? | What day is it? What day are we? |
| On est quel jour aujourd'hui ? | What day is it? What day are we? |
| C'est quel jour...? | What day is it (on) [not today] ? |
| C'est un lundi, mardi, etc. | It's on a Monday, Tuesday,... |
| Aujourd'hui c'est lundi. | Today is Monday. |
| Demain c'est mardi. | Tomorrow is Tuesday. |
| Français | Anglais | Français | Anglais |
|---|---|---|---|
| semaine (f.) | week | ce week-end | this weekend |
| cette semaine | this week | le week-end | on the weekend, on week-ends |
| la semaine prochaine | next week | le week-end dernier | last weekend |
| la semaine dernière | last week | aujourd'hui | today |
| année (f.) | year | hier | yesterday |
| cette année | this year | avant-hier | the day before yesterday |
| an (m.) | year | demain | tomorrow |
| par semaine | per week | lendemain | the next day, day after |
| week-end (m.) | weekend |
Lundi ou le lundi ?
In most situations,you will use the definite article le before the day (le mercredi, le jeudi, etc.), but there are exceptions. Read Using le with the days of the week + weekend.
Comment dit-on les phrases suivantes en français ?
- On Fridays, we eat at a restaurant. ________.
- I am studying with Anne on Friday. ________.
When talking about something that happens on a certain day – a one-time event – you do not need the definite article le:
Nous sommes samedi. It’s Saturday.
On peut aller au ciné vendredi. We could go to the movies on Friday.
Je ne travaille pas lundi. I’m not working (this) Monday.
However, when referring to something that regularly happens on the same day of the week, you do need the article:
On va au ciné le vendredi. We go to the movies on Fridays.
Je ne travaille pas le lundi. I don’t work on Mondays.
Année ou an ?
A common source of confusion for French learners is understanding the following distinctions:
year: un an une année
day: un jour une journée
morning: un matin une matinée
evening: un soir une soirée
Sometimes these quasi-synonyms are more or less interchangeable: for example l'an dernier (last year) and l'année dernière (last year). In most cases, however, these words are used in specific contexts, for example:
En quelle année es-tu né(e) ? In what year were you born?
J'ai quatre ans. I am four years old.
Bonjour ! Hello or Good day
Bonne journée ! Have a nice day!
This is why you must learn how to use words in context, i.e., in fixed expressions, certain types of situations, etc. Read more about how to distinguish these words.
Quelle est la date ?
(a) To ask what the date is, you say, Quelle est la date ?
(b) To answer, you begin with C'est followed by the date, which is usually presented as follows:
le [numéro] [mois]
le 10 octobre
le 5 mars
le 30 juin
— Quelle est la date ? — What is the date ?
— C'est le quatorze septembre. — It's September 14th.
For the first day of every month, we use the ordinal number premier (first) instead of un (one):
C'est le premier novembre.
It's the first of November. It's November first.
For every other day after the first, you simply use the number: le deux novembre, le trois novembre, etc.
If you want to include the year in the date, simply add the year afterward:
C'est le 26 mars 2022
(b) When the date is written out in numbers it follows the same order as the formula above: day, month, year (or DD/MM/Year), not month/day/year (MM/DD/Year) as we do in English. Thus February 17, 2020 in French would be: 17/02/2020
In French, birthday is anniversaire, while the more official sounding date of birth would be date de naissance.
(d) To say in which year something occurs, we use the preposition en:
Je suis né en 2002 I was born in 2002
Je vais acheter une maison en 2028 I am going to buy a house in 2028
| Français | Anglais |
|---|---|
| Quelle est la date ? | What is the date? |
| Quelle est la date de... ? | What is the date of.... |
| C'est le... | It's... |
|
Quelle est la date de ton anniversaire ? C'est quand ton anniversaire ? |
When is your birthday? |
| Quelle est ta date de naissance ? | What is your date of birth? |
|
Quelle est la date de l'anniversaire de... ? C'est quand l'anniversaire de... ? |
When is .....'s birthday? |
| Mon anniversaire c'est le... | My birthday is.... |
Study the Quizlet vocabulary flashcards. Listen and repeat the French pronunciation.
On pratique !
Activité A
Il y en a combien ? Ask each other the following questions and respond with a complete sentence.
Modèle :
— Il y a combien de secondes dans une minute ?
— Il y a soixante secondes dans une minute. Il y en a soixante.
Il y a...
- combien de minutes dans une heure ?
- combien de jours dans une année ?
- combien de lettres dans l'alphabet français ?
- combien de jours dans une semaine ?
- combien de semaines dans une année ?
- combien de jours en octobre ?
- combien de jours en février ?
- combien d'heures dans un jour ?
- combien de mois dans une saison ?
Activité B
Quelle est la date ? Write out the dates of the following French holidays:
- la Saint-Sylvestre (December 31) : ________
- la Saint-Valentin (February 14) : ________
- l’Assomption (August 15) : ________
- la Toussaint (November 1) : ________
Activité C
Répondez. Answer the following questions.
- On est quel jour aujourd’hui ?________
- Quelle est la date d’aujourd’hui ?________
- Quelle est la date de l’examen ?________
Activité D
Activité E
Activité F
Activité G
C'est quand ton anniversaire ? The three students in the video ask and answer about their birthday, their friend Alain's birthday (the one talking on the phone), and about their age.
To practice, you can listen and repeat all three dialogues.
Étudiant(e) 1 : C'est quand ton anniversaire ?
Étudiant(e) 2 : C'est le 11 octobre. Et toi ?
Étudiant(e) 1 : Moi, c'est le 25 juin.
Pratiquez —>
Étudiant(e) 1 : C'est quand ton anniversaire ?
Étudiant(e) 2 : C'est le _____________ . Et toi ?
Étudiant(e) 1 : Moi, c'est le _____________ .
Activité H
Quel âge as-tu ?
Étudiant(e) 1 : Quel âge as-tu ?
Étudiant(e) 2 : J'ai vingt ans. Et toi ?
Étudiant(e) 1 : Moi, j'ai trente et un ans.
Pratiquez ➔
Étudiant(e) 1 : Quel âge as-tu ?
Étudiant(e) 2 : J'ai ________ ans. Et toi ?
Étudiant(e) 1 : Moi, j'ai __________ans.
Activité I
Quelle est la date de l'anniversaire d'Alain ?
Look at the people in the pictures and their birth dates. Take turns asking when each person's birthday is and which day of the week it falls on this year:
Modèle :
Étudiant(e) 1 : Quelle est la date de l'anniversaire d'Alain ?
Étudiant(e) 2 : C'est le 21 novembre.
Activité J
C’est quand ton anniversaire ? Find the students in your class who have birthdays in the same month as you. Ask your classmates their birthdays and group yourselves according to the month of your birth. How many students have birthdays in the same month? Does anyone have the same birthday? Report the results to your teacher.
On approfondit !
Use the following resources to type accents and/or search for words:
- Accents: ç, à, é, è, â, ê, î, ô, û, ù, ë, ï, ü
- Dictionnaire français-anglais