2.3: Arabic Script الكتابة بالعربية
- Page ID
- 259640
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)In this section, you will be able to:
- Learn about the Arabic Script.
Introduction to the Arabic Language Script
Welcome to the fascinating world of the Arabic language! As a new Arabic learner, you'll quickly discover that the Arabic script is unique, beautiful, and deeply rooted in history and culture. Understanding the script is a crucial first step in your journey to mastering Arabic.
The Basics of the Arabic Script
The Arabic script is an abjad, meaning it primarily records consonants, though vowels are indicated by diacritical marks. Here are some key features:
- Alphabet Composition: The Arabic alphabet consists of 28 letters, each with its own distinctive shape.
- Right-to-Left Writing: Arabic is written and read from right to left, which might be different from what you're used to with Latin-based scripts.
- Cursive Nature: The letters in Arabic are connected in a cursive style, even in print. This means that letters change shape depending on their position within a word: initial, medial, final, or isolated.
- Diacritical Marks: While basic texts may omit them, Arabic uses diacritical marks (tashkil) to indicate short vowels and other pronunciation aids, which are essential for learners.
Unique Features
- Root System: Words in Arabic are often built from a set of three consonant roots, which convey core meanings. This root system is a defining characteristic of the language and helps in understanding and building vocabulary.
- Calligraphy: Arabic script is renowned for its calligraphic art, transforming writing into an expressive art form that is both functional and visually captivating.
Learning the Script
- Letter Shapes: Start by familiarizing yourself with the shapes of each letter in their various forms (initial, medial, final, and isolated).
- Pronunciation: Practice the sounds associated with each letter. Arabic contains some sounds that are uncommon in many other languages, so listening and repeating are key.
- Writing Practice: Write the letters and simple words regularly. The cursive nature means that learning how letters connect is crucial.
- Diacritical Marks: Begin with texts that include diacritical marks to help you with pronunciation and understanding. As you advance, you'll learn to read without them.
Importance of Learning the Arabic Script
Understanding the Arabic script opens doors to a rich cultural heritage and a vast body of literature, both classical and modern. It is the key to accessing historical texts, religious scriptures like the Quran, and contemporary media. Moreover, learning the script is an important step in developing reading, writing, and comprehension skills in Arabic, setting a strong foundation for fluency.
Arabic script consists of two separate layers: the first layer consists of consonants and long vowels, and the second consists of diacritical marks (accents). Diacritical marks are called Tashkeel in Arabic. "Tashkeel" are the marks used as phonetic guides, including the short vowels and the grammatical markers. However, they are not included in handwriting. The Arabic language has a one-to-one correspondence between sounds and letters. The Arabic written system is regularly phonetic, meaning the words are generally written as pronounced. Arabic letters are connected letters and each letter has two connectors, this means the letter can be connected to preceded and followed letters in the same word. However, there are six letters that have one connector from the right side and can't be connected from the left side. Arabic letters are connected except 6 letters, which are only joined with the preceding letter د ذ ر ز و
The letter ب is a two side connector letter. Notice how the letter ب is written in the next four words using the four shapes, and how it is connected to the previous, and followed letters.
بابٌ - بَيْتٌ - يبِـيع - شَيْبُ
The letter د is a one-side connector letter. Watch the letter د is written in the four words using the four shapes and how it is connected to the previous letter and disconnected from the following letter in the same word.
دُبٌّ - بَدْر - سَدُ- دود
As you embark on this exciting journey, remember that mastering the Arabic script is a gradual process. With practice and patience, you'll soon find yourself reading and writing Arabic with confidence and appreciation for its beauty and intricacy. Welcome to the world of Arabic.