5.10: Sources

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¹ Goldin, “On the Meaning of the Name Xiwangmu,” 83-5.

² Lullo, “Female Divinities in Han Dynasty Representation,” p. 260.

³ Tseng, Picturing Heaven, 265.

⁴ https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Queen_Mother_of_the_West,_unearthed_from_Chengdu,_Sichuan,_Eastern_Han_dynasty,_25-220_AD,_tomb_tile_-_Sichuan_University_Museum_-_Chengdu,_China_-_DSC06292.jpg

⁵ Translated in Tseng, Picturing Heaven, 214, with some modifications.

⁶ This quotation comes from and this section is based on Cahill, Transcendence and Divine Passion, chapter 1.

⁷ Archaeologists recently recovered over 4,500 wooden and bamboo strips with writing from the Former Han in a tomb in Jingzhou, Hubei, including calendrical charts, annals, laws, day-books, medical treatises, and so on. The annals support the records in the Shi ji. Wood slips found in a tomb in Chengdu include laws about poll taxes, stabilizing prices, etc., and records of cases of witchcraft. So we will soon understand Han ways of thinking even better.

⁸ Kohn, Daoism and Chinese Culture, chapter 3.

⁹ Jen-der Lee, “Wet Nurses in Early Imperial China.”

¹⁰ Brown, The Politics of Mourning In Early China, 24-32

¹¹ This section is based on Hinsch, Women in Early Imperial China, and Wang, “Dong Zhongshu's Transformation of ‘Yin-Yang’ Theory.

¹²Robert Eno, “Early Chinese Thought Course Readings,” chinatxt.sitehost.iu.edu/Thought/Chunqiu.pdf, accessed August 7, 2020.

¹³ This section is drawn from Michael Nylan and Thomas Wilson, Lives of Confucius: Civilization’s Greatest Sage through the Ages.

¹⁴ Lewis, The Early Chinese Empires, 42.

¹⁵ Most of this section is drawn from Hinsch, Women in Early Imperial China, and von Glahn, The Economic History of China.

¹⁶ Hou Xudong, “Rethinking Chinese Kinship,” 40-1.

¹⁷ Hou Xudong, “Rethinking Chinese Kinship,” 35, 39-40.

¹⁸ Sanft, Communication and cooperation, 137.

¹⁹ For more on Wang Mang see John Wills, Mountain of Fame: Portraits in Chinese History.

20 Hou Xudong, “Rethinking Chinese Kinship,” 51.

²¹ Hou Xudong, “Rethinking Chinese Kinship,” 52.

²² Hou Xudong, “Rethinking Chinese Kinship,” 37-8, 43.

²³ Xiaojing (Classic of Filiality) translated in de Bary, et al., eds, Sources of Chinese Tradition, second edition, volume 1, p. 327.

²⁴ Ebrey, The aristocratic families of early Imperial China.

²⁵ Powers, Art and Political Expression in Early China.

²⁶ Poo, In Search of Personal Welfare and Kohn, Daoism in Chinese Culture.

²⁷ Livia Kohn, Daoism in Chinese Culture, 67-68

²⁸ Livia Kohn, Daoism in Chinese Culture, 68-80.

²⁹ Anderson, The East Asian World-System, section 4.2, p. 104