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7.1: Chronology

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    1212
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    410 CE Roman army abandons Britain

    476 CE The general Odavacar deposes last Western Roman Emperor

    496 CE The Frankish king Clovis converts to Christianity

    500s CE Anglo-Saxons gradually take over Britain

    533 CE Byzantine Empire conquers the Vandal kingdom in North Africa

    535 – 554 CE Byzantine Empire conquers the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy

    560s CE Lombard invasions of Italy begin

    580s CE The Franks cease keeping tax registers

    597 CE Christian missionaries dispatched from Rome arrive in Britain

    610 – 641 CE Heraclius is Byzantine emperor

    636 CE Arab Muslims defeat the Byzantine army at the Battle of Yarmouk

    670s CE Byzantine Empire begins to lose control of the Balkans to Avars, Bulgars, and Slavs

    674 – 678 CE Arabs lay siege to Constantinople but are unsuccessful

    711 CE Muslims from North Africa conquer Spain, end of the Visigothic kingdom

    717 – 718 CE Arabs lay siege to Constantinople but are unsuccessful

    717 CE Leo III becomes Byzantine emperor. Under his rule, the Iconoclast Controversy begins.

    732 CE King Charles Martel of the Franks defeats a Muslim invasion of the kingdom at the Battle of Tours

    751 CE The Byzantine city of Ravenna falls to the Lombards; Pepin the Short of the Franks deposes the last Merovingian king and becomes king of the Franks; King Pepin will later conquer Central Italy and donate it to the pope

    750s CE Duke of Naples ceases to acknowledge the authority of the Byzantine emperor

    770s CE Effective control of the city of Rome passes from Byzantium to the papacy

    c. 780 – 840 CE The Carolingian Renaissance

    782 CE Charlemagne crushes a Saxon rebellion

    787 CE Second Council of Nicaea authorizes the use of icons in worship

    793 CE Viking raids begin

    800 CE Charlemagne crowned Roman emperor by Pope Leo III

    830 CE Abbasid caliph Al-Mamun founds the House of Wisdom in Baghdad

    843 CE In the Treaty of Verdun, Charlemagne’s three sons, Lothar, Louis, and Charles the Bald, divide his empire among themselves

    843 CE Final resolution of the Iconoclast Controversy under Empress Theodora

    846 CE Muslim raiders from Aghlabid North Africa sack the city of Rome

    c. 843 – 900 CE Macedonian Renaissance

    Mid-800s: CE Cyril and Methodius preach Christianity to the Slavic peoples

    864 CE Conversion of the Bulgars to Christianity

    867 CE Basil I murders the reigning Byzantine emperor and seizes control of the Empire

    871 – 899 CE Alfred the Great is king of England. He defeats Norse raiders and creates a consolidated kingdom.

    899 CE Defeated by the Pechenegs, the Magyars begin moving into Central Europe

    955 CE Otto the Great, king of East Francia, defeats the Magyars in battle

    976 – 1025 CE Basil II is Byzantine Emperor

    988 CE Vladimir, Grand Prince of Kiev, converts to Christianity


    This page titled 7.1: Chronology is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Andrew Reeves (University System of Georgia via GALILEO Open Learning Materials) .

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