5.12: Conclusion Strategies
- Page ID
- 304813
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)If the purpose of an introduction is to preview the essay content, the conclusion’s purpose is to guide the reader out of the essay by reinforcing the argument one more time and offering an interesting closing thought. The conclusion, similar to the summary/response essay, is organized into three parts:
CONCLUSION
- Restatement of Thesis
- Summary of Supporting Points
- Final Comment
Think of it as wrapping the rest of the essay up like a present: the conclusion shouldn’t introduce any new information to the reader; otherwise, the present needs to be unwrapped again.
When the writer restates the thesis, they state the argument in a new way or paraphrase their original thesis statement.
In summarizing the supporting points or subpoints, the writer will highlight the most important information from their argument. Since in an argumentative research paper, the thesis should already review the supporting points, most sentences in this section will summarize the subpoints instead. 5
For a final comment, the writer leaves the reader with a special something extra to take away from the argument. The following strategies are the most common in academic writing:
- prediction
- call to action
- warning
-
suggestion/recommendation
TIP: Avoid giving an opinion as a final comment, especially in argumentative essays. The writer just spent the rest of the essay arguing your point of view: why would this opinion be any different? It only becomes repetitive.
In the example conclusion below, the thesis restatement is in orange, the summary of the supporting points is in blue, and the final comment is in purple.
Example:
In conclusion, office designs and layouts are important in improving the productivity of the company and increasing an employee’s motivation in terms of morale and health. A good design improves the well-being of the employees and reduces work-related physical injuries. Altogether, if companies are interested in increasing their financial growth, companies should invest in renewing their office space.
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Notice that this final comment is a suggestion or recommendation.
Short, sweet, concise: those are the goals of a good conclusion!
PRACTICE 1: Analyzing Conclusion Paragraphs
Read the conclusions below and change the thesis restatement to orange, the summary of the supporting points to blue, and the final comment to purple. What type of final comment did the writer use? Was it effective? What feedback would you give the writer, both positive and negative? (Hint: these correspond with the intros you analyzed earlier.)
In conclusion, developed technology like machines or robots have replaced humans’ jobs in many different aspects. This is because robots replacing humans makes jobs easier, provides robot friends and helps mundane tasks to be done in productive ways. By using robots instead of humans, it makes the work to be done more accurately and faster. It can also be friends with the people who have a hard time making friends or elderly people. It can finish mundane tasks like lifting heavy things or taking care of the weak in more effective ways. Machines and robots are an important part of our life now, but it will be a more substantial part of life in the future. Hence, robotics engineers have to develop and study harder about the robots to have more positive impacts for humans when it is replacing humans.
Type of Final Comment:
Feedback:
In conclusion, machines instead of humans have more positive effects in some areas of work. At work, machines ensure efficiency and quality; in life, it makes humans’ lives easier. Moreover, machines can make the economy grow quickly. Even though robots have not been fully used in various fields, it is certain that robots will appear more widely in people’s lives and work, and will help people create a better future. People should not worry about how to prevent the ability of machines to surpass humans, because people’s enemies are not machines, but themselves, so people should constantly learn new skills.
Type of Final Comment:
Feedback:
Allowing robots to interact and join human life will make positive impacts. Because of these robots, they ultimately help us in warehouses, medical institutions, and also at school. The way they assist us makes all jobs become easier and conventional rather than work by humans alone. I am sure that robots will be beneficial in our mortal life, because they continue to develop at an unprecedented rate. Therefore, society needs to believe that robots can make human’s life easier; however, we should also utilize the power of robots so they will not fully undertake what truly belongs to us.
Type of Final Comment:
Feedback:
Assignment: Write the conclusion to your research paper using one of the strategies listed above.